Indian Holocaust My Father`s Life and Time - Eight HUNDRED FIFTY
Palash Biswas
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Sunny Leone, the Porn Star granted Indian Citizenship instantly, landed in Kolkata today, the city best known for Film Makers like Satyajit Ray, Ritwik Ghatak and Mrinal Sen!Pooja Bhatt's erotic thriller "Jism 2" is doing roaring business at the box office. It has managed to rake in an encouraging figure of Rs.21 crore in its opening weekend.Released Aug 3, "Jism 2" is the sequel to 2003 film "Jism" and features Sunny Leone, Arunoday Singh and Randeep Hooda.
"I am amazed by the love I am getting from the people here in India. In the next couple of years, I will be busy doing films here. And I am going to give it all the attention possible," Sunny told reporters in Kolkata.
She has already signed a film to be made by producer Ekta Kapoor.
Just see her courage! What message we do get for our three G four G Generation Next?
Asked whether she would be able to shed the tag of a porn star as she turns to acting in a relatively conservative Hindi film industry, Sunny said it does not affect her.
"Everybody has their own opinion. It is completely fine with me if people tag me that way. This is a completely new world for me. People should judge me by how I conduct myself here.
"But I am not ashamed of my past neither can I change it," said the actress who had also participated in reality show Bigg Boss.
A blue film or blue picture is a slang term for pornographic films in India, usually softcore pornography. The name BLUE is predominantly used for such movies because of the color of the sets involved in filming the scenes, mainly with a motive to conceal the identity of the actors, to ensure safeguard from social stigma, generally attached with such movies.
The arrival of porn star Sunny Leone in the [[Bigg Boss (season 5)|Bigg Boss]] house in 2011 created a stir in India over the issue of tolerance towards such artists. While the blue film industry is worth a billion, public opinion about porn stars is widely negative. They are considered more of sex workers than actors.
It's been a hundred years, and yet the fascination for movies has not faded for a nation of one billion Indians.The first Indian motion picture Raja Harischandra was produced and released in India in 1913, barely a year after the world's first motion picture was made in 1912. The Times of India, India's major newspaper then, hailed it as "the marvel of the century". As writer and essayist Mukul Kesavan wrote, "The art of the cinema was fashioned in India at the same time as it was developed in the West".Indian cinema has prided itself on being a sole distraction and leisure industry for nearly a century, in a country where allied entertainment forms like music or the fashion industry are subservient to the glamour that cinema and its stars bring.From rock chic to glamour, to dress and design, creating indelible images and daily references, business, politics and sports, travel destinations and colloquialisms, violence and sexuality, hero-worshipping and icon-making, Indian cinema had and continues to provide templates and set trends.In the 21st century, Indian cinema is both revisiting and breaking new grounds. New Bollywood is now led by "outsiders". These are actors and filmmakers who do not belong to any film families or yesteryear studio honcho heirs, which are a very tight-knit lobby. Vishal Bhardwaj, Anurag Kashyap, Dibakar Banerjee, Sujoy Ghosh, Tigmanshu Dhulia, and Vikramaditya Motwane are filmmakers who make small budget movies, with some released internationally at Cannes and Toronto, and are making movies that are edgy, gritty, noiresque and true to real life. They are a far cry from the ostentatious, over-the-top entertainers set in European and American locations imitating Hollywood teen rom-coms. Female filmmakers like Reema Kagti, Zoya Akhtar in Hindi and Aparna Sen in Bengali, Revathi in Tamil are making sure female voices and perspectives are being highlighted in Indian cinema.
Are Indians willing to accept porn star Sunny Leone and her debut film Jism 2?This is the current focus created by media with Sunney Hype.It matters the Bhatt Camp waiting for Box office verdict.But the question is not asked at all why a Porn star was launched at a time while Indian Cinema was celebrating Centenary year!Mind you, the elements like Play BOY Cover Girl Sherlyn chopra as well as Sunny Leon incarnated in Prime time reality show BIG BOSS. Secular Bhatts picked up the Porn Star from Big Boss set directly and made her an Indian Film Star and managed Indian Citizenship for her. With her identity not exactly established, the Porn Star was granted Indian citizenship without any hinderance while millions of Indians are deprived of citizenship, civic and human rights thanks to citizenship Amendment Act, illegal unconstitutional Unique Identity Project and nationwide deportation and displacement drive to pursue the zionist agenda of Genocide economics to sustain Manusmritti rule. Irony is that Mahesh Bhatt a self styled protagonist of Secularism has played as the Catalyst to introduce the Porn Star for a turnaround in glorious Indian film heritage to make it a Blue Film Industry as Hollywood happens to be. Strikingly it must be noted, the pilot project was experimented in prime time TV reality show. We all know Indian TV network expanded with information and technology explosion. But it turned to be the best tool to superimpose open market economy with radical deculturalisation as neither TV serials nor TV News Channels do address the real issues and problems faced by ninety nine percent excluded majority excluded and excommunicated. Contrarily it is creating a false virtual shining superpower India wasting its hard earned revenue on arms` race, militarisation of state and space missions. Thus, without any acting talent whatsoever, without any capacity to express emotions, without any capabilty to deliver all important iologues, actors like Sunny leone has been injected in India Film Body to transform it into a super mind control blue film industry!
The Indo-Canadian porn star has been shooting for Pooja Bhatt’s Jism 2 in Jaipur while she had been granted indian Citizenship. the flag bearers of hindu Nationalism kept mum since then and dared not challenge the decision while it has launched an unprecedented Hate campaign against minorities countrywide after succeeding in Babri Mosque demolition. Mind you, chronology wise Assam Movement, Sikh Genocide, Babri Mosque demolition, citizenship amendment act, Gujarat Genocide and unique Identity project followed one after one systematically to accomplish the agenda of ethnic cleansing.
The case of Indian citizenship to sunny leone or her entry in Big Boss or bollywood is not all about celebuzz, it is the phenomenon in which the conflict for land rights, rights under fifth schedule and sixth schedule has been flared up as communal riots in Assam with third party interference to scrap autonomous council on the one hand and then,branding all muslims and bengali refugees as illegal Bangladeshi infiltrators while the clashes are focused as hindu Muslim Riots which is not in any case. This needs a post mortem. As the democratic forces neglected the fact that Open market economy and India in strategic nuclear realignment led by US and Israel, partnership in war against terror, terror strikes and war against indigenous aborigin humanscape, AFSPA and other provisions for direct military rule anywhere do mean to capture natural resources under monopolistic aggression with mind control surgically precise and this phenomenon is coincidental with the rise and resurrection of hinduta and Hindu Nationalism. Sunny Leone is just a rare catalyst for the expansion of open market with economic ethnic cleansing which does not contradict blind Hindu Nationalism! Anto Communal Combat just missed the objective fact of rock solid solidarity in the ruling Manusmriti Hegemony of discrimination and racial aparthied, it did not notice the role played by the Field marshal of the hegemony, Pranab Mukherjee who masterminded Citizenship Amendment Act as well as Unique Identity project to excommunicate most of the excluded communities, not only minorities but also the tribal people, most of whose villages are not recorded as revenue villages, the partition victim refugee resettled all over the country, slum dwellers and roaming NT DNT and other OBC and Tribal communities.
Pooja Bhatt's sequel of Jism, which released last Friday, has already done business of Rs21 crore, the producers say.The erotic thriller was made with a budget of Rs12 crore.Sunny, who stars opposite Arunoday Singh and Randeep Hooda in the film, said during shooting she learnt a lot of acting, improved her knowledge of Hindi and understood the Bollywood industry.Since her Hindi is poor, the 31-year-old's voice was dubbed in Jism 2.
After setting the Indian hearts on fire, Canadian porn sensation Sunny Leone is here to stay, as now the actress has officially become an Indian citizen.
Sunny, who's made her Bollywood debut in Pooja Bhatt and Dino Morea's Jism 2 is super excited about being granted Indian citizenship. The actor could not curtail her excitement and tweeted about the same on Saturday, "I have the greatest news today everyone!!! I am officially a resident of INDIA!!!!!! Wooohoooo.(sic)"
The Indian citizenship and nationality law and the Constitution of India provide single citizenship for all of India. The provisions relating to citizenship upon adoption of the constitution are contained in Articles 5 to 11 in Part II of the Constitution of India. Relevant Indian legislation is the Citizenship Act 1955, which has been amended by the Citizenship (Amendment) Act 1986, the Citizenship (Amendment) Act 1992, the Citizenship (Amendment) Act 2003, and the Citizenship (Amendment) Act, 2005. The Citizenship (Amendment) Act 2003 received the assent of the president of India on 7 January 2004 and came into force on 3 December 2004. The Citizenship (Amendment) Ordinance 2005 was promulgated by the president of India and came into force on 28 June 2005.
Following these reforms, Indian nationality law largely follows the jus sanguinis (citizenship by right of blood) as opposed to the jus soli (citizenship by right of birth within the territory).
Sunny, who could flutter so many hearts just with her small stint on Indian television's biggest reality show Bigg Boss 5, will surely end up ruling all the Indian hearts if she stays in India forever.Thus,riding high on the initial success of her debut Hindi film Jism 2, Indo-Canadian adult movie star Sunny Leone on Tuesday said she would spend the next two years acting in Bollywood.
Actor Dino Morea, who turned producer with the erotic thriller 'Jism 2', today said he would continue to act in films besides producing some others. "I will be doing both producing and acting in films. But I have said no to direction," Dino told reporters here. Speaking at an event here, Dino said he never used the porn star status of Sunny Leone for promoting 'Jism 2'. "We never used the tag of a porn star. She was selected because she looks very beautiful and film is a visual medium so we need to be attractive," he said when asked what made him and co-producer Pooja Bhatt select Sunny for the role. On his stint as a film producer, Dino, best known for the 2002 blockbuster 'Raaz', said he found the new role to be tougher. "Whatever the actor does, the consequences are faced by the producer. It is now that I realise all this," he said. Asked about his next acting assignment, the former supermodel said, "You will see me in a film very shortly." Describing himself as an ambitious person, he said "I think I am ambitious. I opened an ecommerce site, have restaurants, been into modelling, acting and now film producing," Dino said.
A lot of chatter is been going around the movie regarding Sunny Leone’s bold character. Mahesh and Pooja Bhatt are of the opinion that women body should be celebrated with freedom and respect and the Indian audiences are cynical whenever they have to confront the reality of physical desire which is embedded in every animal species.
"I am improving. I took Hindi classes for 2-3 hours daily. But I still feel that my American accent will probably never go," she said at a programme organised by Hotel Hindusthan International.Sunny is not fluent in Hindi as yet.
Sunny thanked the Bhatt camp for giving her a debut in acting and also mentoring her in launching a career in Hindi cinema.
Alleging that Jism 2 had objectionable scenes, protests have been made by many groups in various parts of the country.
"I don't understand why some people are doing that. It is their prerogative," Sunny said.
Apart from Salman Khan, Indo-Canadian porn star Sunny Leone, who has made her Bollywood debut with "Jism 2", would love to pair up with superstar Aamir Khan as well.
"Aamir Khan is one of my most favourite actors. I would love to do any movie with Aamir Khan," said the 31-year-old, who has revealed her desire to work with Salman.
Sunny Leone is the USP of the film and impresses as an actor. The story of Jism 2 unfolds at a leisurely pace, which shouldn't be the case if it's meant to be a thriller. The strikingly composed and lit frames add to the film's strengths, feel critics.
The story of Jism 2 begins with the contentious actor Sunny Leone, whose tag as a porn star was kept under wraps while she entered the Big Boss season. As usual, we Indian audiences, enamored by her American accent and fair skin, which we can’t deny because of our obsession for fairness cream in trying to appear white, like we have been white washed with imaginary lights beaming from our skin, started pooling around the TV just to have a glimpse of her behavior and activities. Later, Pooja Bhatt detected her immense talent for acting just in her way of sitting and gaping all the time at people keeping curiously quiet with her housemates. She, in the virtual film world, plays a porn star which she is in real life, who is used as bait by a dashing intelligence officer for capturing a much terror-inducing and dreaded assassin, played by Randeep Hooda.
Randeep Hooda shuns some of his wooden gawking and tries to produce some movement regarding his facial muscles. Sunny Leone as usual goes around showing her Jism and looking pretty. If a lot of work was not expensed in her dresses and body movements and instead have been concentrated in her acting than at least the movie would have had something substantive. The music is melodious and has been able to make their places in the chartbusters. Though compared to the haunting melodies of the first movie Jism, it fails to stir the emotion of the people to that extent but somewhere pales in comparison. The last thing about her remains that she is a porn star.
"Although Jism 2 is the second installment of the 2003 hit that starred Bipasha Basu and John Abraham, there's a huge disparity between the two films. Jism 2 is visually stunning, the aesthetics are just right, but the voyage of a woman from the lust bazaar who markets desire is far from perfect. The lackluster screenplay of Jism 2 is its biggest undoing!" writes Taran Adarsh, Bollywood Hungama.
"Mahesh Bhatt just keeps the basic ingredients to make a potboiler. Not much of the script or story make sense, but they’re just scenes for letting Sunny Leone do what she does best. The holes in his story and script would make a sieve blush," feels Roshni Devi, Koimoi.com.
"Jism-2 is a sexy movie - but it's not as dirty a picture as you might expect. Surprisingly, Jism-2 hovers over sex, like a butterfly gliding across one of the many water pools the movie features. The few times the film does jump in, it lands in the shallow end. That's despite a hot start featuring amply-endowed Izna (Leone), all red lingerie, glistening high heels, tight suspenders and generous cleavage, riding intelligence bureau (IB) officer Ayaan (Singh) on a hotel room bed. The film's first make-out scene thus firmly embedded in its first three minutes, Izna wakes to a hangover and an offer," writes Srijana Mitra Das, TOI.
"The star of the show is, without doubt, Sunny Leone. People are looking forward to watching Jism 2 for Sunny, erotica and a generous dose of skin show, in that order. In fact, a wide section of moviegoers might frequent the cineplexes to watch Sunny alone, but for another segment it could be erotica. As the reels unfold, you realize that Sunny delivers as an actor. Unfortunately, the script doesn't," says Adarsh.
"Sunny Leone is dazzling to look at and has an incredible body, but does she deliver as an actress? To start with, Pooja has, very smartly, cast her as a seductress. Sunny's gestures, body language, erotic scenes and sex appeal are, unquestionably, far more seasoned than most divas, who restrain a sort of hesitation when it comes to steamy scenes. She is scorching hot in Jism 2 and takes the heat percentage to an altogether different level. Sunny's maiden attempt at acting comes across as confident and charming, but, at the same time, there is scope for improvement, especially during the emotional moments, adds the trade expert.
"Jism-2 offers several surprises, foremost being Leone's performance. As the dazzling, yet dazed Izna, Leone pulls off a tricky act that showcases both her eyes and bust in equal measure. At times, you forget Leone's physical assets, especially when she seals the film with a dynamite closing line. Sunny may be honey-trap - but despite spending most of the movie in plunging night-wear, she conveys delicacy and grace. Hooda's act is jerkier - at times, he gazes at Izna with tenderness you can touch. At others, his head-holding anguish makes you wince. The direction is shaky - in one sequence, Kabir's practically killing a cello with his song, hacking the instrument to the screechy Ishq bhi kiya - but then, according to the IB, he is going insane," says Mitra Das.
"Sunny Leone looks hot beyond doubt and does not disappoint as an actor either, considering Jism 2 is her first Bollywood film. So far so good! Visually, Jism 2 is very good and the locales are beautiful," reports OneIndia.
"Sunny Leone can barely act. Most of her scenes involve heaving to accentuate her ample bosoms: either pining/worrying for Kabir or in some erotic scene. The tough-officer-in-love does not suit Arunoday Singh and he ends up with unintentionally funny expressions on his face in the emotional scenes. Randeep Hooda is quite good as Kabir, but he mouths too many dialogues through grit-teeth. Arif Zakaria is a joke as Arunoday’s superior," writes Devi.
"The other issue is that the story of Jism 2 unfolds at a leisurely pace, which shouldn't be the case if it's meant to be a thriller. Also, it gets too verbose and talk-heavy after a point, with Randeep Hooda's character delivering idealistic lines that test your tolerance. Notwithstanding the blemishes, the fact remains, the curiosity to watch Sunny Leone will act as its savior," feels Adarsh.
"What Jism 2 lacks by way of pace and thrills is amply made up for by the strikingly composed and lit frames, the generally taut editing, a first-rate performance from Hooda and, of course, the rampaging sex appeal of Sunny Leone, who struts around in lacy lingerie, flashing her ample assets and dishing out generous doses of the 'just do it' spirit," says Saibal Chatterjee, NDTV.
"There's no denying that Pooja Bhatt has extracted an arresting performance from Sunny Leone. But the screenplay plays a complete spoilsport. This could've been a convincing take on obsession, vengeance and infidelity, but there's hardly any movement in the story. Plus, a few questions remain unanswered [How does Sunny get into the porn trade? When does Arunoday have a change of heart and fall in love with Sunny?]. Besides, the film is stretched without much reason in its post-interval portions. Additionally, you don't have compassion for any of the characters, as the film draws to a close," Adarsh writes.
"The film is a male voyeur's delight all right, but director Pooja Bhatt often erases the gender lines by presenting both the lead actors, too, in bare-bodied splendour," feels Chatterjee.
"Pooja Bhatt has done a very good job as the director (even with this hackneyed plot). The movie looks good and doesn’t disappoint those who’ve come to watch Sunny. Vicky Goswami, Arko Pravo Mukherjee and Mithun Sharmav’s music is excellent. Maula and Yeh Jism songs stand out. Editing by Devendra Murdeshwar is alright. Nigam Bomzan’s cinematography is beautiful!" says Devi.
"On the whole, Jism 2 has Sunny Leone as its USP, but the lackluster screenplay and the sluggish pace act as deterrents. However, Sunny Leone in the driver's seat, coupled with a generous dose of skin show and erotica, besides an attention-grabbing title, should act as a honey-trap to lure the audiences. But how one wishes this jism had soul as well!" feels Adarsh.
"Jism 2 is a dark film, but the production design (by Pooja Bhatt herself) and the luminous lighting do not belong to the 'doomed love' genre," concludes Chatterjee.
"On the whole, Jism 2 has Sunny Leone as its USP, but the lackluster screenplay and the sluggish pace act as deterrents. However, Sunny Leone in the driver's seat, coupled with a generous dose of skin show and erotica, besides an attention-grabbing title, should act as a honey-trap to lure the audiences. But how one wishes this jism had soul as well!" says Devi.
A few days ago, a PIL was also slammed against Sunny Leone in the Allahabad High Court. The film's track Yeh Jism, is also said to be copy of a Turkish song.Jism 2 is a sequel to 2003 flick Jism which had John Abraham and Bipasha Basu in the lead roles.The film is slated for August 3 release.
Here's a look at the top 5 controversies bugging the film.
JISM 2'S SENSUAL POSTER INSPIRED!
It has emerged that Jism 2 poster got inspired from a Felix Bendish's visual for a fashion show in 2010.
Designer Felix told missmalini.com, “I did this shoot with photographer Kenny Zaveri from Mumbai in 2008, which I only used two years later (as a promo poster) for my fashion show in Goa in December 2010. The collection was entitled ‘skin’. Kenny came up with this concept and then we proceeded with our stlying and shows in 2010. Because my collection, was a based on racisim and female foeticide, we thought this image was perfect for the concept. Thankfully its on record with the goa press.”
NO SUNNY LEONE IN JISM 2 FIRST POSTER
Yes, you read it right. The mystery girl in the first poster of Jism 2 is not Sunny Leone. In fact it's the Dan Dan girl Nathalia Kaur, who has graced the poster.
Pooja Bhatt told a daily, "A year ago, when it was being speculated that the film will feature either Bipasha Basu or Mallika Sherawat, I decided to whet people's appetite with a sexy poster. I called my friend, photographer Joy Datta, who deals with dusky Brazilian models, for options. I chose Nathalia from amongst the ones he showed me."
Now we know why Ram Gopal Varma said that Nathalia is Pooja's discovery!
PROTEST AGAINST SUNNY LEONE
Activists of Bhagwan Valmiki Shakti Sena shouted slogans against the film Jism 2, as they burnt effigies of actress Sunny Leone and director Pooja Bhatt during a demonstration in Amritsar.
The demonstrators reportedly protested against vulgarity shown in the Bollywood film.
PIL AGAINST SUNNY LEONE
A PIL has been slammed against Sunny Leone in the Allahabad High Court. The PIL was filed by Rakesh Nayayik, a resident of Varanasi. It seeks a stay on the release of the film, and has challenged the provisions of the law which define the powers of the Censor Board in India.
It objects to the presence of the Canadian adult film actress Sunny Leone in the film. Advocate SMA Kazmi, the legal counsel who is handling the case, said, “We have sought a stay order on the release of Jism 2 because of the sexually explicit content of the movie, and the inclusion of Sunny Leone in the film, for the adverse moral impact that her presence would have on society.”
JISM 2 SONG COPIED
Pooja Bhatt's film Jism 2 has been in the news for all the wrong reasons -- one of them being the tittle track Yeh Jism, which is said to be copy of a Turkish song. Debutant music composer Arko Pravo Mukherjee denies that and says these are just rumours.
"I don't care about these rumours. There is some similarity in the beginning of three more songs but these things happen. It was not a conscious decision to copy. This song is totally different," Mukherjee told IANS .
A doctor by profession, Mukherjee left Kolkata four years ago and came to Mumbai with a dream of making music for Bollywood and feels fortunate to start his career with Jism 2.
It is very important to get the 'right break' in the industry, says Mukherjee.
"It often happens that you make songs for a film but due to some reasons, the movie does not get made. It happened to me thrice. This is very common. I am lucky that I am making my debut with Jism 2," he added.
Mumbai’s mayor, Sunil Prabhu, reportedly wants the posters of Jism 2 pulled down, as he reckons they are “obscene”. Producer Mahesh Bhatt is livid, as he takes up the cudgels not just for the film directed by his daughter Pooja Bhatt, but also the movie industry overall.
“Politicians and people in high offices want to derive publicity from things like this. They only start moral policing two or three days before a film’s release,” he says. “At this moment, I feel like a man who is rushing his wife who’s in labour to the hospital, and on the way, an armed cop wants to pick a fight!”
Mahesh points out that movies often become soft targets for politicians. “The government can’t stop the sale of cigarettes and alcohol, but there is a restraint on showing actors smoking and drinking on screen. Similarly, in Odisha, you’ll come across temple carvings depicting explicit sexual poses, with families taking pictures against them. But it’s only our movies which are targeted time and again (for obscenity),” he says.
The producer adds that cinema cannot be blamed for all ills in society. “I refuse to believe that it takes a film’s poster to arouse a man or provoke a bunch of them to attack a woman on the road. I don’t think that film posters promote nudity. It’s about conveying the essence of an ‘A’ certificate film to the prospective audience. But things like these (the mayor’s objection) remind you that you have no real freedom of expression in our country,” he says.
The filmmaker recalls that two years ago, the moral police pulled down the posters of Kurbaan (the 2009 film produced by Karan Johar) that showed Kareena Kapoor’s bare back.
“With politicians, only the faces change, the thoughts never do,” he says. “An ordinary citizen’s freedom is sacrificed as politicians claim that their action is for the good of society. So now, we will gracefully agree to their demands and replace these posters with some new ‘non-controversial’ ones.”
Sunny’s big bedroom party
No ‘adult afternoon’, no shared ‘sc***ed’ tee could match up to this mother of all marketing gimmicks — a free-wheeling walk for photographers inside Sunny Leone’s bedroom as she lay sprawled across the bed in asset-popping lingerie. A promotional shoot for Jism 2 in a Delhi five-star on Wednesday saw the porn star entertaining camerapersons as she rolled over to strike seductive poses, taking film publicity in Bollywood to an unprecedented new level.
The invitation to the event also clearly said, “You are invited to do a photoshoot of her in her own bedroom.” As a result of which, hordes of photographers made a beeline for the event, awaiting the voyeuristic visual treat that lay waiting.
As the flashlights came on, Sunny struck poses offering generous amounts of skin. She later changed into a tiny black corset dress and went downstairs for interviews.
Sunny Leone
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaNot to be confused with pornographic actress Sunny Lane
Sunny Leone | |
| * Sunny Leone at the AVN Expo, Las Vegas, NV on January 20, 2012 | |
| Born | May 13, 1981 (age 31)[1] |
Nationality | Canadian/American |
Ethnicity | |
Height | |
Weight | |
Spouse | Daniel Weber (2011-present)[4] |
No. of adult films | 38 as actress, 39 as director (per IAFD)[5] |
Website | |
Sunny Leone (born May 13, 1981)[1] is a Indo-Canadian pornographic actress, Bollywoodactress, businesswoman and model of triple Canadian/Indian/U.S. nationality. She was named Penthouse Pet of the Year in 2003 and was a contract star for Vivid Entertainment. Named by Maxim as one of the 12 top porn stars in 2010, she has also played roles in independent mainstream films and television shows.
Contents[hide] |
Early life
Leone was born in Sarnia, Ontario to Sikh Punjabi parents.[3] Her father was born in Tibetand raised in Delhi, while her mother (who died in 2008[6]) was from Himachal Pradesh, Sirmaur.[3][7] As a young girl, she was very athletic and played street hockey with the boys,[2] and ice skating on a nearby frozen lake.[8]Although the family was Sikh,[3] her parents enrolled her in Catholic school[3][9] as it was felt to be unsafe for her to go to public school.[10] There she had her first kiss at 11, lost her virginity to a basketball player at another school at 16,[9] and discovered her bisexualityat age 18.[11] When she was 13, her family moved to Fort Gratiot, Michigan, then to Lake Forest, California a year later,[9][12] fulfilling her grandparents' dream that the family be together in one place.[3] She graduated from high school in 1999 and enrolled in college.
Career
Before working in the porn industry, she first worked at a German bakery,[13] a Jiffy Lube,[9] and later a tax and retirement firm.[14]
Leone at the 2002 Adult Entertainment Expo, one of her earliest promotional appearances
While studying to be a pediatric nurse in Orange County, a classmate who was an exotic dancerintroduced Leone to John Stevens, an agent who in turn introduced her to Jay Allen, a photographer for Penthouse magazine.[7] When picking a name for her adult career, she has said that Sunny is her real name and Leone was picked by Bob Guccione, former owner of Penthouse magazine.[15] She posed for Penthouse magazine, and was named Penthouse Pet of the Month for the March 2001 issue, followed by a feature in the Holiday 2001 edition of Hustler magazine as a Hustler Honey. She has also appeared in other magazines including Cheri,[16] Mystique Magazine,[17] High Society,Swank, AVN Online, Leg World, Club International and Lowrider,[18][19] while her online credits include ModFX Models,[20] Suze Randall,[21] Ken Marcus[22] and Mac & Bumble.[23] Her pictorial credits also include working with stars like Adriana Sage, Jenna Jameson, Jelena Jensen and Aria Giovanni.In 2003, she was named "Penthouse Pet of the Year" and starred in the video Penthouse Pets in Paradise alongside Tera Patrick and Kyla Cole. In 2005 Adam & Eve appointed her as their West Coast Internet Sales Representative.[24]
That same year, Leone signed a three-year contract with Vivid Entertainment with which she transitioned into the world of hardcore pornography, stating that she would only do lesbian scenes.[2]Her first movie released was titled Sunny[25] and was released in December 2005. Her next movie,Virtual Vivid Girl Sunny Leone, was the first interactive title for Leone, who was the first Vivid Girl to make such a movie.[26] Taking only four days to film,[13] the movie won her her first AVN Award (Best Interactive DVD). She followed this with Sunny Loves Cher, which featured her first on-screen squirting,and The Female Gardner co-starring Mikayla Mendez and Daisy Marie.
Leone's last two movies under her contract with Vivid were It's Sunny in Brazil, which was filmed in Brazil.[27] and The Sunny Experiment also starring Monique Alexander and Brea Lynn.[28] The movies were released in October and December 2007 respectively.
In May 2007, upon re-signing her contract with Vivid for another six films, Leone agreed to perform for the first time with men on camera, but exclusively with her fiancé, Matt Erikson.[29] That summer she also received breast augmentation,[30] and shot her first movie under the new contract titled Sunny Loves Matt. The movie led to her to be nominated for three (out of six) AVN awards in 2009 in addition to being a choice for Female Performer of the Year.[31] She followed up her first boy-girl title with The Other Side of Sunny in October 2008, which would be the last time she would perform with Erikson.
Leone at Vivid booth during the 2008 AVN Adult Entertainment Expo in Las Vegas
In January 2008, Leone revealed that she was no longer exclusive to Erikson, and had done scenes with other actors, most notably Tommy Gunn, Charles Dera, James Deen[32] and Voodoo.[33] In August of that same year, she announced the launch of her own studio, Sunlust Pictures, with Daniel Weber as her partner.[34] With her new venture Leone plans to write, direct and create her own brand of adult movies with Vivid Entertainment as her distributor.[32] Her first independent production, The Dark Side of the Sun, was released in March 2009, and was debuted at the Erotic Heritage Museum in Las Vegas.[35] In June 2009, she held a casting call in Las Vegas for her second independent production titled Sunny Slumber Party[36] (released September 2009).No longer exclusive to Vivid, Leone has started working with other studios and performers since 2009. She has managed to leverage her online popularity by striking deals with firms like PPPcard,[37]AdultPokerParty.com,[38] Brickhouse,[39] Flirt4Free,[40] Totemcash[41] and Imlive[42] to sell and distribute her content over the internet and other media.She won the "Web Babe of the Year" at the 2008 Xbiz Awards.[43] Her websites and business interests are run under her banner company Leone L.L.C.
In addition to her film career, Leone has been part of the Vivid Comedy Tour,[44] and has modelled for the Vivid Footwear collection.[45] Leone has also participated in events like the Vivid/ClubJennaLingerie Bowl[46] and Vivid's Hot Rod Night.[47] Doc Johnson launched a pocket pal[clarification needed]in 2006 moulded to her vagina,[48] and in 2008 released the Sunny Leone Exciter vibrator.[49] Control MFG currently uses Leone's image along with other Vivid girls to market their line of skateboards. She is paired with Gab Ekoe, one of the Team Control riders.[50] She also indicated that she plans to launch her own line of lingerie and other Sunny-branded products including a diamond jewellery line.[32]
In September 2009, an iPhone application consisting of a collection of non-nude photos, some videos and a porn star-penned blog[51]was approved by Apple for sale in the iTunes store, making it the first officially sanctioned application featuring a porn star.[52] By February 2010, the app had been removed by Apple from the store.[53]
Leone was voted number 13 (up from number 41 in 2007[54]) on Genesis magazine's "Top 100 Porn stars" list,[55] number 34 on Desiclubs.com's Top 50 Coolest Desis of 2004,[56] and one of the "40 under 40" ranking on AVN Online magazine.[57] In 2010, she was named by Maxim as one of the 12 top female stars in porn.[58] She was voted number 82 in the Top 99 Women for 2012 inAskMen.com's list.[59]
Mainstream appearances
Leone's first mainstream appearance was in 2005, when she was a red carpet reporter for the MTV Awards on MTV India. She has also had a cameo in the film The Girl Next Door, performed in Ja Rule's video "Livin It Up" and a video for Kidd Skilly.[60] Other credits includeE!'s "Wild On!" and the Sundance Film Festival's 'After Dark.'[61] Leone was a contestant in the second season of the Fox reality showMy Bare Lady 2: Open For Business, in which a group of adult actresses were given classes and training on how to pitch investment ideas and competed for success in the business world.[62] In addition to filming her scene for Debbie Does Dallas in 2007, Leone was also part of a Showtime documentary of the same name detailing the production of the movie and the personal lives of its stars.She has indicated that for the right price she would seriously consider a career in Bollywood.[63] She has been courted by Indian directors in the past but has felt uncomfortable with the roles that she would have played.[15][64] Director Mohit Suri reportedly asked Leone to play the lead role in his film Kalyug, but instead cast Deepal Shaw as he could not afford Leone's $1 million acting fee.[65] She has mentioned that Aamir Khan is her favorite Bollywood Actor,[66] and that over 60% of her fans are from South Asia.[67]
In 2008, Leone announced that she would be starring in a mainstream action adventure movie titled Pirates Blood, which was shot inOman. The shooting was completed in two weeks and was to be released in winter 2008.[68][69] Leone also landed a role in Middle Men, producer Chris Mallick's indie feature about the birth of the online porn industry set for wide theatrical release in 2009.[70][71]
She appeared in the film The Virginity Hit playing a version of herself, where she is hired to take the virginity of the lead character.[72]
Leone has made appearances at events such as the 2002 SEMA International Auto Salon, the 2002 Extreme Autofest Pomona and the 2006 World Series of Poker in Las Vegas.[73] Sunny has also been the hostess at events in clubs like the Mansion in Miami[74] and the Highlands in Hollywood.[75]
In 2005, she was mentioned in Forbes magazine for a story on Vivid Entertainment.[76] Leone has also been featured in mainstream publications like FHM, Front and Jane magazine.[77] In 2007, along with the other Vivid Girls, she was seen in a 48' high holiday Billboard in Times Square at W. 48th Street and Seventh Avenue.[78] Leone is also one of the Penthouse Pets who appears in thePlayStation Portable game Pocket Pool. She was also featured in a coffee table book titled Naked Ambition: An R Rated Look at an X Rated Industry by Micheal Grecco.[79]
In 2004, she was part of "No More Bush Girls", in which she and several other popular adult actresses shaved off their pubic hair in protest of the Bush presidency.[80] In May 2008, she shot a promotional video for Declare Yourself, a nonprofit, nonpartisan voter registration campaign targeting 18-to-29-year-olds.[81] She indicated that Barack Obama would be her choice in the 2008 U.S. election, primarily because she felt he was more business friendly to the adult industry than his opponent John McCain.[82] She also released a public service announcement on behalf of the ASACP, reminding adult webmasters to protect their sites from children by having an RTA label on it.[83]
Leone has a strong interest in health and fitness, and has been featured in several mainstream fitness publications. Leone has modelled fitness clothing for the sports brand Fantasy Fitness[84] and shared that she keeps her body in shape by working out as much as she can despite her busy schedule and as quoted in Men's Fitness magazine, "I try to eat very healthy – lots of vegetables, drinking my milk every day."[85]
Bigg Boss
In 2011, she participated in the Indian reality series Bigg Boss, entering the house on day 49.[86][87] However she refused to divulge her porn star status, and replied to fellow house-mate Pooja Bedi that she was a model and a TV star in America for the last ten years or so.[88] It was reported that she has caused a stir in the larger populace[89] with her Twitter feed gaining 8,000 new followers in just 2 days[90] and Google saying searches for her experienced a "breakout".[91] There have also been complaints lodged with the IndianMinistry of Information and Broadcasting alleging that the Colors TV channel is promoting pornography by having Leone appear on the show; among those who have filed are the Indian Artistes and Actors Forum[92] and Anurag Thakur, member of Lok Sabha and head of the Bharatiya Janata Party's youth wing.[93]Bollywood
Sunny Leone and Daniel Weber come to India to promote 'Jism - 2'
During her stay in the Bigg Boss house, Sunny was approached by a famous Bollywooddirector Mahesh Bhatt who entered the house briefly to offer her the lead role in Jism 2 (the sequel to the 2003 film Jism starring Bipasha Basu). She accepted it, which will result inPooja Bhatt’s production house, Fish Eye Network and Leone’s agent discussing the movie further.[94] The first look of the film Jism 2 poster was released anticipating the actress entry in Bollywood.[95]Sunny Leone signed her second Bollywood film which is Ekta Kapoor's Ragini MMS sequel.Ragini MMS, a crossover horror movie was one of the most talked about sleeper hits of 2011.[96]
Personal life
In June 2006, Leone became an American citizen,[13] but plans to remain a dual citizen of Canada.[97] Although bisexual, she has stated that she prefers men.[98] In her spare time she enjoys abstract paintings, horse riding, reading, playing World of Warcraft,[99]watching The Simpsons and the Discovery Channel.[100] She used to play on a women's soccer league team in California.[2] Her favourite holiday destination is Hawaii,[13] and her favourite cuisine is Italian.[100]In separate interviews, she has stated that in ten years' time she would like to be married and have started a family, and probably retire from the industry by the time she is 30.[97] Leone was engaged to Matt Erikson, a vice-president of marketing at Playboy Enterprises.[12] She currently resides in Hollywood, California with her cat and drives an Audi A5.[9]
She mentioned in an interview at the start of 2011 that she was married to Daniel Weber.[101] During her stay in the Bigg Boss house later that same year, Leone indicated that the relationship had by revealing that she had been previously married; she had ‘purposely arrived late’ to their first date as she was not impressed with him, but he changed her mind by sending 24 roses to her hotel room.[102]
In 2010, Leone's father died of cancer, which he had been first diagnosed with in 1999. In 2011, Leone along with Monique Alexanderand Keni Styles ran in the Rock n’ Roll Los Angeles Half-Marathon to raise money for the American Cancer Society.[103][104]
A 2008 Eye Weekly article reported that "Leone does her best to maintain a link to Sikh traditions, even if more in theory than in practice. But she's unlikely to disavow her career path due to religion." and that Leone said "Girls will leave the industry claiming that they found God. Well, the fact is, God has always been with them the entire time."[105] In a 2010 interview, she said "It’s a community-based religion. You walk into a temple and you’re greeted with the utmost respect... But, just like any religion it doesn’t want you to shoot adult material. I mean, I grew up going to temple every Sunday. When my parents found out they knew my personality which was very independent. Even if they tried to stop me or tried to steer me the right way they would have lost their daughter. I’m too headstrong. And it wasn’t a plan. It just happened and my career and everything just kept getting bigger and bigger."[10]
Awards
- 2008 XBIZ Award – Web Babe of the Year [106]
- 2010 AVN Award – Best All-Girl Group Sex Scene
- 2010 AVN Award – Web Starlet of the Year[107]
- 2010 F.A.M.E. Award – Favorite Breasts[108]
- 2012 XBIZ Award — Porn Star Site of the Year (SunnyLeone.com)[109]
See also
*References
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- ^ a b c d e f Weisblott, Marc (2008-07-04). "Sunny Leone's America". Eye Weekly. Archived from the original on 2008-11-19. Retrieved 2008-07-04.
- ^ Sunny Leone's husband comes to India
- ^ Sunny Leone at the Internet Adult Film Database. Retrieved 2009-07-30 .
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- ^ a b Luke Ford. "Interview". lukeisback.com. Retrieved 2007-05-13.[dead link]
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- ^ freeones (2007-08-06). "Exclusive Interview with Sunny Leone". freeones. Retrieved 2007-08-06.
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- ^ Mystique Magazine. "Sunny Leone Jpg Pic Image & Video Gallery". Mystique Magazine. Retrieved 2008-08-26.
- ^ Saul Vargas (2003-06-01). "Lowrider Model — Sunny Leone — June 2003 enter fold". Lowrider Magazine. Retrieved 2003-06-01.
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- ^ AVN (2006-04-05). "Sunny Leone is the First Virtual Vivid Girl". AVN. Retrieved 2006-04-05.
- ^ AVN (2008-02-20). "Vivid Releases It's Sunny in Brazil".AVN. Retrieved 2007-05-10.
- ^ Eddie Adams (2007-12-19). "Sunny Leone Performs The Sunny Experiment". AVN. Retrieved 2007-12-19.
- ^ David Sullivan (2007-05-13). "Sunny Leone Renews Vivid Contract, Will Perform with Men". AVN. Retrieved 2007-05-13.
- ^ Jared Rutter (2007-08-31). "On the Set: Sunny Loves Matt".AVN. Retrieved 2008-03-21.
- ^ AVN (2008-11-25). "NOMINATIONS 2009 AVN Adult Movie Awards" (PDF). AVN. Retrieved 2008-11-25.[dead link]
- ^ a b c Steve Javors (2008-08-22). "Sunny Leone Forms Her Own Studio, SunLust Pictures". XBIZ. Retrieved 2008-08-22.
- ^ Par Gérome Lorenzo (2008-06-26). "Sunny Leone". Hot Video. Retrieved 2008-06-26.
- ^ Joanne Cachapero (2007-09-11). "Sunny Leone Launches SunLust Pictures With N.Y. Bash". XBIZ. Retrieved 2007-09-11.
- ^ David Sullivan (2009-06-02). "Sunny Leone Shows Her 'Dark Side' in Sin City". AVN. Retrieved 2009-06-06.
- ^ XBIZ (2009-02-06). "Katie.com, Sun Lust Pictures to Hold Casting in Las Vegas". XBIZ. Retrieved 2009-06-03.
- ^ Jonah P Davies (2006-04-24). "Sunny Leone Signs with PPPcard". AVN. Retrieved 2006-04-24.
- ^ "AdultPokerParty.com Teams with Sunny Leone". AVN. 2006-06-22. Retrieved 2006-06-22.
- ^ Sue Denim (2007-04-19). "Sunny Leone, Brickhouse Mobile Partner". AVN. Retrieved 2007-04-19.
- ^ "Flirt4Free Presents Sunny Leone and Stefani Morgan Live".AVN. 2006-09-05. Retrieved 2006-09-05.
- ^ Stephen Yagielowicz (2008-07-30). "Flash Ads Boost TotemCash Sales". XBIZ. Retrieved 2008-07-30.
- ^ Bianca Fox (2007-07-17). "ImLive Signs Celebrity Porn Star Guests". AVN. Retrieved 2007-07-17.
- ^ xbiz (2008-01-01). "XBIZ Awards — Recognizing Excellence in Adult Entertainment". XBIZ. Retrieved 2008-01-01.
- ^ Thomas J Stanton (2006-06-21). "Vivid to Present Comedy Night Next Wednesday". AVN. Retrieved 2006-06-21.
- ^ Peter Warren (2008-02-20). "Vivid Steps Into Footwear".AVN. Retrieved 2008-02-20.
- ^ Thomas J Stanton (2006-01-25). "Vivid/Club Jenna Bowl to Feature Coquette Lingerie Show". AVN. Retrieved 2006-01-25.
- ^ AVN (2006-04-04). "Bike & Hot Rod Night". AVN. Retrieved 2006-04-04.
- ^ Vance Kingsley (2006-12-14). "Doc Johnson, Vivid Launch Sunny Leone and Lacie Heart Pocket Pals". AVN. Retrieved 2007-10-26.
- ^ Bianca Fox (2008-09-17). "Doc Johnson Unveils Briana Banks and Sunny Leone Vivid Girl Toys". AVN. Retrieved 2008-09-17.
- ^ XBIZ (2008-10-14). "Vivid Inks Deal to Introduce Branded Skateboards". XBIZ. Retrieved 2008-10-14.
- ^ JR Raphael (2009-09-23). "Porn Stars Invade the App Store". www.infoworld.com. Retrieved 2009-11-29.[dead link]
- ^ "Apple Approves First Official Porn Star APP for iPhone"(Press release). Grindhouse Mobile. 2009-09-16. Retrieved 2009-11-29.
- ^ Bill Ray (2010-02-23). "Apple strips top shelf, leaves corporate smut in place". www.theregister.co.uk. Retrieved 2010-04-04.
- ^ Genesis Magazine (2007-01-01). "Porn's Hot 100".Genesis. Retrieved 2007-01-01.[dead link]
- ^ Genesis Magazine (2008-03-11). "2008 Porn’s Hot 100".Genesis. Retrieved 2008-03-11.
- ^ Peta Cooper (2004-08-22). "DesiClub.com's Top 50 Coolest Desis of 2004". desiclub.com. Retrieved 2004-08-22.
- ^ AVN (2007-07-01). "AVN Online 40 under 40". AVN. Retrieved 2007-01-07.[dead link]
- ^ "Maxim U.K. Names Top 12 Porn Stars". business.avn.com. 2010-6-18. Retrieved 2011-05-08.
- ^ "Top 99 Women". AskMen.com. 2012. Retrieved June 6, 2012.
- ^ Meghana Keshavan (2007-08-22). "Bollywood nights".Metro Times. Retrieved 2007-08-22.
- ^ AVN (2005-01-01). "Sunny Leone Profile". AVN. Retrieved 2005-01-01.
- ^ David Sullivan (2008-10-07). "Fox Reality Channel Launches 'My Bare Lady 2". AVN. Retrieved 2008-10-07.
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- ^ Royal Magazine (2008-01-01). "Sunny Leone". Royal Magazine. Retrieved 2008-06-06.
- ^ Desipowerchat.com. "Kalyug the film Synopsis previews". Desipowerchat.com. Retrieved 2008-06-06.
- ^ "Curry Bear Interviews – #1 Desi Porn Star Sunny Leone". Curry Bear.com. 2008-06-10. Retrieved 2008-06-10.
- ^ "Sunny Leone Photo Gallery & Bio". www.wrestlinginc.com. Retrieved 2010-03-11.
- ^ Peter Warren (2008-04-02). "Sunny Leone to Appear in Bollywood Film". AVN. Retrieved 2008-04-02.
- ^ Jayashree Cine International. "Jayashree Cine International — Services". Gulab Premkumar. Retrieved 2008-09-03.[dead link]
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- ^ Christina Radish (2009-10-20). "Exclusive Interview: Sunny Leone is Much More than Just a Pretty Face".http://www.iesb.net. Retrieved 2009-11-29.
- ^ Corey Hall (2010-09-15). "Metro Times: Movie Review: The Virginity Hit". www.metrotimes.com. Retrieved 2010-09-11.
- ^ pokulator (2007-04-17). "2006 WSOP Updates". pokulator.com. Retrieved 2008-01-23.
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- ^ Wireless Flash News (2004-10-15). "Porn Stars Shave To Support 'No More Bush' Campaign". Wireless Flash News. Retrieved 2004-10-15.
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- ^ AVN Staff (01/07/2009). "Sunny Leone RTA PSA to Debut at AVN Awards". AVN. Retrieved 01/07/2009.
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- ^ "Sunny Leone enters Bigg Boss in a lehenga".hindustantimes.com. 2011-11-20. Retrieved 2011-11-20.
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- ^ "Canadian porn star Sunny Leone causes stir in India".theprovince.com. 2011-11-24. Retrieved 2011-11-28.
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- ^ Mawrie, Anthony (2011-11-29). "IAAF files complaint against Colors for Sunny Leone entry". mediamughals.com. Retrieved 2011-12-02.
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External links
 * | Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Sunny Leone |
- Official website
- Sunny Leone at the Internet Movie Database
- Sunny Leone at the Internet Adult Film Database
- Sunny Leone at the Adult Film Database
- Sunny Leone's channel on YouTube
- Sunny Leone on Twitter
Indian nationality law
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia"Indian citizenship" redirects here. For the United States law, see Indian Citizenship Act of 1924.
 * | This article may need to be rewritten entirely to comply with Wikipedia's quality standards. You can help. The discussion page may contain suggestions. (February 2009) |
 * | This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.(August 2007) |
The Citizenship Act, 1955 | |
 * | |
An Act to provide for acquisition and determination of Indian citizenship. | |
Citation | |
Enacted by | |
Date assented to | 30 December 1955 |
Amendments | |
The Citizenship (Amendment) Act, 1986, the Citizenship (Amendment) Act, 1992, the Citizenship (Amendment) Act, 2003, and the Citizenship (Amendment) Act, 2005 | |
Summary | |
Along with the Constitution of India, the Citizenship Act, 1955, is the exhaustive law relating to citizenship in India. |
The Indian citizenship and nationality law and the Constitution of India provide single citizenship for all of India. The provisions relating to citizenship upon adoption of the constitution are contained in Articles 5 to 11 in Part II of the Constitution of India. Relevant Indian legislation is the Citizenship Act 1955, which has been amended by the Citizenship (Amendment) Act 1986, the Citizenship (Amendment) Act 1992, the Citizenship (Amendment) Act 2003, and the Citizenship (Amendment) Act, 2005. The Citizenship (Amendment) Act 2003 received the assent of the president of India on 7 January 2004 and came into force on 3 December 2004. The Citizenship (Amendment) Ordinance 2005 was promulgated by the president of India and came into force on 28 June 2005.
Following these reforms, Indian nationality law largely follows the jus sanguinis (citizenship by right of blood) as opposed to the jus soli (citizenship by right of birth within the territory).
[edit]Citizenship by birth
Any person born in India, on or after 26 January 1950 but prior to the commencement of the 1986 Act on 1 July 1987, is a citizen of India by birth. A person born in India on or after 1 July 1987 is a citizen of India if either parent was a citizen of India at the time of the birth. Those born in India on or after 3 December 2004 are considered citizens of India only if both of their parents are citizens of India or if one parent is a citizen of India and the other is not an illegal migrant at the time of their birth.[edit]Citizenship by descent
Persons born outside India on or after 26 January 1950 but before 10 December 1992 are citizens of India by descent if their father was a citizen of India at the time of their birth.Person born outside India on or after 10 December 1992 are considered as citizens of India if either of their parents is a citizen of India at the time of their birth.
From 3 December 2004 onwards, persons born outside of India shall not be considered citizens of India unless their birth is registered at an Indian consulate within one year of the date of birth. In certain circumstances it is possible to register after 1 year with the permission of the Central Government. The application for registration of the birth of a minor child must be made to an Indian consulate and must be accompanied by an undertaking in writing from the parents of such minor child that he or she does not hold the passport of another country.
[edit]Citizenship by registration
The Central Government may, on an application, register as a citizen of India under section 5 of the Citizenship Act 1955 any person (not being an illegal migrant) if he belongs to any of the following categories:- a person of Indian origin who is ordinarily resident in India for seven years before making application under section 5(1)(a) (throughout the period of twelve months immediately before making application and for six years in the aggregate in the eight years preceding the twelve months).
- a person of Indian origin who is ordinarily resident in any country or place outside undivided India;
- a person who is married to a citizen of India and is ordinarily resident in India for seven years before making an application for registration;
- minor children of persons who are citizens of India;
- a person of full age and capacity whose parents are registered as citizens of India.
- a person of full age and capacity who, or either of his parents, was earlier citizen of independent India, and has been residing in India for one year immediately before making an application for registration;
- a person of full age and capacity who has been registered as an overseas citizen of India for five years, and who has been residing in India for one year before making an application for registration.
[edit]Citizenship by naturalization
Citizenship of India by naturalization can be acquired by a foreigner who has resided in India for twelve years. The applicant must have lived a total of 12 years in India in a period of 14 years, and must have lived in India for 12 months uninterrupted prior to applying for citizenship.[edit]Citizenship at the commencement of the constitution of India
Persons domiciled in the territory of India as on 26 November 1949 automatically became Indian citizens by virtue of operation of the relevant provisions of the Indian Constitution coming into force (the majority of the constitutional provisions came into force on 26 January 1950). The Constitution of India also made provisions regarding citizenship for migrants from territories of Pakistan, which were earlier parts of India before the partition.[edit]Renunciation of Indian citizenship
Renunciation is covered in Section 8 of the Citizenship Act 1955. If an adult makes a declaration of renunciation of Indian citizenship, he loses Indian citizenship. In addition any minor child of that person also loses Indian citizenship from the date of renunciation. When the child reaches the age of eighteen, he has the right to resume Indian citizenship. The provisions for making a declaration of renunciation under Indian citizenship law require that the person making the declaration be "of full age and capacity".[edit]Automatic termination of Indian citizenship
Warning stamped onto Indian Passports Issued by the High Commission of India, Ottawa, Canada
Termination is covered in Section 9 of the Citizenship Act, 1955. The provisions for termination are separate and distinct from the provisions for making a declaration of renunciation.Section 9(1) of the act provides that any citizen of India who by naturalisation or registration acquires the citizenship of another country shall cease to be a citizen of India. Notably, the termination provision differs from the renunciation provision because it applies to "any citizen of India" and is not restricted to adults. Indian children therefore also automatically lose their claim to Indian citizenship if at any time after birth they acquire a citizenship of another country by, for example, naturalisation or registration — even if the acquisition of another citizenship was done as a result of actions by the child's parents.
The acquisition of another country's passport is also deemed under the Citizenship Rules, 1956 to be voluntary acquisition of another country’s nationality. Rule 3 of Schedule III of the Citizenship Rules, 1956 states that "the fact that a citizen of India has obtained on any date a passport from the Government of any other country shall be conclusive proof of his having voluntarily acquired the citizenship of that country before that date". Again, this rule applies even if the foreign passport was obtained for the child by his or her parents, and even if possession of such a passport is required by the laws of a foreign country which considers the child to be one of its citizens (e.g., a U.S.-born child of Indian parents who is automatically deemed to be a U.S. citizen according to U.S. law, and who is therefore required by U.S. law to have a U.S. passport in order to travel abroad). It does not matter that a person continues to hold an Indian passport. Persons who acquire another citizenship lose Indian citizenship from the date on which they acquire that citizenship or another country's passport. The prevailing practice at a number of British diplomatic posts, for example, is to impound and return to the Indian authorities the Indian passports of those applicants who apply for and are granted British passports.[1]
Special rules exist for Indian citizens with a connection to Goa, Daman and Diu. Rule 3A of Schedule III of the Citizenship Rules, 1956 states that "Where a person, who has become an Indian Citizen by virtue of the Goa, Daman and Diu (Citizenship) Order, 1962, or the Dadra and Nagar Haveli (Citizenship) Order 1962, issued under section 7 of the Citizenship Act, 1955 (57 of 1955) holds a passport issued by the Government of any other country, the fact that he has not surrendered the said passport on or before the 19 January 1963 shall be conclusive proof of his having voluntarily acquired the citizenship of that country before that date.
On 16 February 1962, a Constitution Bench of the Supreme Court of India held in the case of Izhar Ahmad Khan Vs. Union of India that "If it is shown that the person has acquired foreign citizenship either by naturalisation or registration, there can be no doubt that he ceases to be a citizen of India in consequence of such naturalisation or registration."
[edit]Overseas citizenship of India
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Front Cover of an OCI Registration Certificate. Note: It may look like but it is not a passport nor does it confer actual Dual citizenship.
There is a form of Indian nationality, the holders of which are known as Overseas Citizens of India.[2] The Constitution of India forbids dual citizenship or dual nationality, except for minors where the second nationality was involuntarily acquired. Indian authorities have interpreted the law to mean a person cannot have a second country's passport simultaneously with an Indian one — even in the case of a child who is claimed by another country as a citizen of that country, and who may be required by the laws of the other country to use one of its passports for foreign travel (such as a child born in the United States to Indian parents), and the Indian courts have given the executive branch wide discretion over this matter. Therefore, Overseas Citizenship of India is not a full citizenship of India and thus, does not amount to dual citizenship or dual nationality. Moreover, the OCI card is not a substitute for an Indian visa and therefore, the passport which displays the lifetime visa must be carried by OCI holders while traveling to India.[3] There is no plan to issue Indian passports to Overseas Citizens of India, although the registration certificate will be in the form of a passport-like booklet (similar to the Person of Indian Origin Card mentioned below). The Cabinet has also directed the Ministry of Overseas Indian Affairs to work on a proposal to give biometric smart cards to registered Overseas Citizens of India.The Central Indian Government, on application, may register any person as an Overseas Citizen of India if that Person is of Indian Origin and is from a country which allows dual citizenship in some form or the other. Broadly speaking, a "Person of Indian Origin" is a citizen of another country who:
- was a citizen of India on 26 January 1950 or at any time thereafter; or
- belonged to a territory that became part of India after 15 August 1947; or
- is the child or grandchild of a person described above; and
- has never been a citizen of Pakistan or Bangladesh.
The introduction of Overseas Indian Citizenship does not entitle people who have acquired, or are planning to acquire, foreign nationality or to retain their Indian passports. The law continues to require that Indian citizens who take foreign nationality must immediately surrender their Indian passports. Those who are only eligible can then apply for registration as Overseas Indian Citizens.
Indian Missions are authorized to grant applications for Overseas citizenship of India within to cases where there is no involvement in serious offences like drug trafficking, moral turpitude, terrorist activities or anything leading to imprisonment of more than a year.
Acquiring Overseas citizenship of India prevents British nationals from registering as full British citizens under Section 4B of the British Nationality Act of 1981 (which requires that nationals have no other citizenship in order to register.)[citation needed] It does not prevent them from acquiring full British citizenship by a different method and it does not revoke their British citizenship if they have already registered under Section 4B.[2][3]
An Overseas Citizen of India will enjoy all rights and privileges available to Non-Resident Indians on a parity basis excluding the right to invest in agriculture and plantation properties or hold public office.[4] The person has to carry his existing foreign passport which should include the new visa called ‘U’ visa which is a multi-purpose, multiple-entry, lifelong visa. It will entitle the Overseas Citizen of India to visit the country at any time for any length of time and for any purpose.
Overseas citizens of India will not enjoy the following rights even if resident in India: (i) the right to vote, (ii) the right to hold the offices of President, Vice-President, Judge of Supreme Court and High Court, Member of Lok Sabha, Rajya Sabha, Legislative Assembly or Council, (iii) appointment to Public Services (Government Service). Also, Overseas Citizens of India are not eligible for an inner linepermit, and they have to apply for a protected area permit if they want to visit certain areas in India.
An interesting problem is that whether a person registered as an Overseas Citizen of India will lose the right of diplomatic protection by their home country while in India. Article 4 of the Hague Convention on Certain Questions relating to the Conflict of Nationality Laws of 1930 provides that "a State may not afford diplomatic protection to one of its nationals against a state whose nationality such person also possesses".
The case depends on two things: does the Indian government itself recognize Overseas citizenship of India as a true citizenship and, on that basis refuse, the right of diplomatic protection by the other country, and, does the person's home country recognize it and accept India's refusal?
It is unsure asIndia does not give Overseas Citizens an independent travel document but instead puts a visa in the other country's passport. If a person is eligible to have only another country's passport but not any form of Indian travel document, it is hard to avoid the conclusion that the person is a sole citizen of the other country for the purposes of diplomatic protection.
Though not a full-fledged dual citizenship,[5] the privileges afforded by acquiring an OCI card is that now multinational companies are finding it simpler to hire the OCI cardholders, who enjoy a multiple entry, multipurpose lifelong visa to visit India. The card provides a lifelong visa to the holder, sparing them the need to obtain separate work permits. OCI holders are treated on par with NRIs for economic, financial and educational matters and only don’t have political rights and rights to buy agricultural and plantation properties or hold public office.[6]
They are also exempt from registration with the Foreigners Regional Registration Officer (FRRO) on their arrival in the country and can stay or live for as long as they wish. OCI cardholders can travel at very short notice and take up assignments in India, while others could get caught up in bureaucratic delays over their employment visa. Many companies are following an active policy of moving PIOs to India for business expansion. Indian missions overseas are witnessing a deluge in OCI applications, the number of OCI cards issued by consulates around the world have been steadily rising with several Indian consulates grappling with a huge backlog of applications.[7]
[edit]Persons of Indian origin (PIO) card
Front cover of a PIO card
This is issued to any person currently holding a non-Indian passport, who can prove their Indian origin up to three generations before. The same holds for spouses of Indian citizen or persons of Indian origin. Citizens of Pakistan, Bangladesh, and other countries as may be specified by the central government are not eligible for grant of Persons of Indian Origin card.[8]A PIO card is generally valid for a period of fifteen years from the date of issue. It gives the holder the following benefits:
- exemption from registration at a Foreigners' Regional Registration Office (FRRO) for periods of stay less than 180 days,
- enjoy parity with non-resident Indians in economic, financial and educational fields,
- acquire, hold, transfer, or dispose of immovable properties in India, except for agricultural properties,
- open rupee bank accounts, lend in rupees to Indian residents, and make investments in India etc.,
- being eligible for various housing schemes under the Life Insurance Corporation of India (LIC) or the central or State governments,
- their children can obtain admission in educational institutions in India in the general category quota for non-resident Indians.
- being eligible for the exercise of any political rights
- visit restricted or protected areas without permission
- undertake mountaineering, research, and missionary work without permission.
[edit]Overseas Indian Card
In early 2011, the Prime Minister of India, Manmohan Singh, announced that the Person of Indian Origin card will be merged with theOverseas Citizen of India card.[9] This new card is proposed to be called the Overseas Indian Card.[10][edit]British nationality and India
| British & Commonwealth citizenship |
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Commonwealth nationality laws |
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Classes of citizens and subjects |
Rights and visas |
Acts |
Prior to 1 January 1949, Indians were British subjects under United Kingdom law. SeeBritish nationality law. Between 1 January 1949 and 25 January 1950, Indians remainedBritish subjects without citizenship unless they had already acquired citizenship of the UK & Colonies or another Commonwealth country.
On commencement of the Indian Constitution on 26 January 1950, under British Nationality law a person who became an Indian citizen also had the status of Commonwealth citizen(also known as a British subject with Commonwealth citizenship, a status which does not entitle the person to use a British passport) by virtue of their Indian citizenship and India's membership of the Commonwealth. However, a number of Indians did not acquire Indian citizenship on commencement of the Indian Constitution and retained British subject without citizenship status (which entitles a person to a British passport) unless they had acquired citizenship of another Commonwealth country. Any person who is solely a British subject (otherwise than by connection with the Republic of Ireland) will automatically lose British subject status on acquiring any other nationality or citizenship including Indian citizenship or Indian Overseas citizenship.
British subjects may register as British citizens under section 4B of the British Nationality Act 1981 without requiring any UK residence if they have no other citizenship or nationality and have not after 4 July 2002 renounced, voluntarily relinquished or lost through action or inaction any citizenship or nationality. This facility has been available since 30 April 2003. Those who have immigrated to the UK may have additional options for acquiring British citizenship, which are usually preferred because they give transmissible British citizenship with otherwise than by descent status.
From 1949 the meaning of the term British subject was substantially different from what had previously been the case and meant little more than a term to describe someone holding the citizenship of a Commonwealth country. Only a British subject without citizenship was entitled to a British passport. See British subject.
[edit]See also
- French nationality law, which entitles children born to a parent who was born in one of its overseas dependencies or—in limited circumstances—in one of its ex-colonies, to French citizenship
- Portuguese nationality law-in regards to those who were citizens of Portuguese Indiabefore 1961.
[edit]References
- ^ Letter from British High Commission Nairobi
- ^ Overseas Citizenship of India (OCI); Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India website, Diaspora Services: Overseas Citizenship of India Scheme; The Ministry of Overseas Indian Affairs (MOIA), Government of India website
- ^ [1]
- ^ What is the basic difference between an NRI/PIO/PIO Card Holder and an OCI? Overseas Indian Facilitation Centre, a not for profit public private initiative of Ministry of Overseas Indian Affairs (MOIA) and Confederation of Indian Industry (CII), was launched on 28 May 2007; Official Government of India portal
- ^ OCI just a recognition of Indian roots: Vayalar; by Rema Nagarajan, TNN; 29 September 2006; The Times of India
- ^ What is the basic difference between an NRI/PIO/PIO Card Holder and an OCI? Overseas Indian Facilitation Centre, a not for profit public private initiative of Ministry of Overseas Indian Affairs (MOIA) and Confederation of Indian Industry (CII), was launched on 28 May 2007; Official Government of India portal
- ^ OCI cardholders are hot for Indian assignments; 15 Nov 2009, Ishani Duttagupta, ET Bureau; The Economic Times; India, Growing demand among NRIs to become overseas citizens of India; 24 Mar 2009, IANS; The Economic Times, India
- ^ PIO card eligibility, benefits NRI / PIO news. My NRI club.
- ^ PM announces merging of OCI, PIO cards
- ^ New Overseas Indian Card to replace OCI, PIO[dead link]
[edit]External links
- Overseas Citizenship of India (OCI) - Indian Ministry of Home Affairs
- Extracts from the Citizenship Act 1955 - Indian Ministry of Home Affairs
- Constitutional provisions - Indian Citizenship
- Pdf versions of the Citizenship Act 1955 and Citizenship Rules 1956
- OCI Card
- South China Morning Post of 25 September 2006, highlighting the plight of Indian ethnic minority BN(O)s in Limbo in Hong Kong
- South China Morning Post of 23 October 2006, criticising failure to properly process British citizenship applications of Indian-origin ethnic minority British nationals in Hong Kong
- Dual Nationality - US Embassy, New Delhi
- Indian Tourist Visa
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