PART I
Ancient Foreign Refugees Who Have Became Oppressive Exploiter Rulers
http://sheetalmarkam.wordpress.com/2009/04/07/arya-brahmin-vengeance-on-bengali-tamil-dalits-chakma-adivasi-indigenous-refugees/
India has been home to foreign refugees for centuries. Many sought refuge in India from time immemorial like the Parses, the Jews, Hakka Chinese , Syrian Christians etc. Many groups came as invaders and later assimilated in India like the white Huns (Scythians?), Kushans, Bactrians (Greeks?) etc. There are some traders and some groups of slaves (Sidhis?) who assimilated in India. Since its independence India received refugees from Afghanistan, Iran, Iraq, Somalia, Sudan and Uganda. No one was ever turned away from the Indian shores.
Table of Contents : Part I
| 1. Persian Refugees |
| 2. JEW REFUGEES |
| 3. SYRIAN CHRISTIANS |
| 4. ARMENIAN REFUGEES |
Around the 8th century CE, after the fall of the Sassanid empire, almost the entire Zoroastrian community fleeing from the religious persecution in Iran fled by ship to the western coast of the Indian subcontinent (now Gujarat). They were 94,000 altogether in 1900, of whom 76,000 resided in Bombay. They have been living with honour and dignity in India.
Jamsetjee Jeejeebhoy born into a poor priestly family in Navsari in Gujarat made a vast amount of money by trading opium to China. He brought back tea and silks and traded with Europe, bringing back the English goods needed to sustain the empire in India. By 1800, Parses owned half of Bombay and were even renting out their magnificent houses to the British. Later, with industrialization, they established the first cotton mills and were instrumental in founding the Indian steel industry. Gradually certain families acquired wealth and prominence such as Sorabji, Modi, Kama, Wadia, Jejeebhoy, Readymoney, Dadyset, Petit, Patel, Mehta, Allbless, Tata etc., nearly all being engaged in trade and manufacturing. Field Marshal Sam Manekshaw, former Atty Gen. Soli Sorabjee, Constitution expert Nana Palkiwhala, former wicket keeper Farooq Engineer, former Miss India (World?) Mheir Jessia are some famous Parses.
The Jews came to India 2000 years ago fleeing from the persecution by the Romans, and have lived in India with honor and dignity. Jew communities in India are as under.
A) Kerala or Cochin Jews : The tradition of the Cochin Jews maintains that after 72 A.D., after the destruction of the Second Temple of Jerusalem, 10,000 Jews migrated to Kerala. A second tradition says that the Jews are the descendants of the Jews taken into captivity by Nebuchadnezzar and then released by Cyrus of Persia in the sixth century B.C. A third theory holds the view that they came to India in 370 from Majorca where they were exiled by the Roman Emperor Vespasian. A fourth tradition, says that when St. Thomas the Apostle visited Muziris in 52 A.D., he stayed in the Jewish quarter. They came to India as political refugees and/or as traders.
The early Christians of India are said to be the converts from Judaism. The clearest evidence for their view is found in the Aramaic language (language of the Iraqi Jews and of some Iraqis even today) once spoken by the Kerala Christians and used even today in the prayer books of Syrian Christian community of Kerala. Thus their is a clear link between Jews and Syrian Christians who consider themselves high caste Brahmins and practice caste system in Christianity.
The Jews in Kerala were the business community of Kerala. The ruler Sri Parkaran Iravi Vanmar gave to the head of the Jewish community Joseph Rabban the village of Anjuvannam and pronounced him the Prince of this village. According to the Cochini Jews the 'princely rights' (written on copper plates and therefore called Copper Plates) were given to them in 379 A. D. They had aristocratic rights, such as use of elephants and sedans. They even had servants whose job was to announce their coming to the streets so that the low castes could move away from their way. In the sixteenth century White Jews from Spain and Portugal came to Kerala. The Kochi Jews, concentrated mostly in the old "Jew Town," were completely integrated into local culture, speaking Malayalam and taking local names while preserving their knowledge of Hebrew and contacts with Southwest Asia.
B) Bene Israel Jews : Bene Israel, had lived along the Konkan Coast in and around Bombay, Pune, and Ahmedabad for almost 2,000 years within the orthodox Jewish fold, practicing the Sephardic rite without rabbis (Jewish priests), with the synagogue ( a Jewish house of worship) as the centre of their religious and cultural life.
C) Baghdadi Jews : Arabic-speaking Jews immigrated to India, came as traders in the wake of the Portuguese, Dutch and British. The Syrian Suleiman ibn Ya'qub was the first prominent Arabic-speaking Jewish businessman (1795 to 1833). However, it was the arrival of the Baghdadi merchant, industrialist and financier David Sassoon (1792-1864) in 1833 that heralded the remarkable sojourn of the Baghdadi Jewish community of Bombay. The fortunes of the Baghdadi families began with the opium trade to China and gradually reached all phases of industry and commerce. The Sassoon family, or "the Rothschilds of the East," played a major role in the industrialization of Bombay. Jews had three of its mayors, professors in its university and producers and stars for its film industry. The famous Haffkine Institute in Mumbai was named after Mr. Haffkine. The Sassoons, after whom the Sassoon docks, the Sassoon Hospital, and two of Mumbai's well known sites – the Jacob Circle and Flora Fountain have been named. They have a Jewish Chief of the Navy. In the Indian Army, Jews have reached very high posts. Bombay had several Jewish newspapers (in Judeo-Arabic, Hebrew, Marathi and English), a Jewish publishing industry, Zionist and community organizations. The Sassoons built two beautiful synagogues to serve the Baghdadi community: Maghen David (1863) in Byculla and Kenesseth Eliyahu (1883) in Fort, both of which usually manage to obtain a Shabbat minyan today. By 1950 there were nearly 20,000 Jews in Bombay, but immigration to Israel, America, Britain, Australia and Canada have drastically reduced those numbers.
The leadership of Calcutta Jewry was held by the Cohen and Ezra families, the latter ranking among the city's most prominent industrial and commercial houses. The Calcutta community was founded by Shalom Obaidah ha-Kohen (1762-1836), who arrived there from Surat in 1798. Jewish trading outposts — often including a prayer hall and a cemetery — sprang up in his footsteps from Lucknow to Darjeeling. The Baghdadis even helped some high caste Hindus to convert to Judaism.
Calcutta has had Jewish schools, a religious court, a matza board, charitable and burial associations, a Jewish hospital, several newspapers, a publisher since 1840 and Zionist groups. Calcutta has had three Jewish sheriffs, and Jews have provided Bengal's first female attorney, several scholars, journalists, writers, musicians and sportsmen. Lt.-Gen. Jack Frederick Ralph Jacob commanded Indian forces on the eastern front during the 1971 war which led to the establishment of Bangladesh. General Jacobs, now the Governor of Goa, supervised the surrender of the Pakistani Army in the Liberation of Bangladesh in 1971. The Chief of the Naval Staff was also a Jew. Maj. Gen. Samson who was awarded the Padma Bhushan. Before the Second World War there were 3,800 Jews in Calcutta, a number which grew to more than 5,000 with the influx of Jewish refugees from Rangoon.
Cartoonist Abu Abraham are Jewish. The late famous Hindi film actor David, and the late "Sulochana" (Ruby Meyers) of Indian Silent Films, and the actress/dancer Helen director-producer Ezra Mir, the actors Miss Rose and Ramola (Rachel Hayam Cohen), as well as the prizefighter-turned-actor Aaron Joshua. Poet Nissim Ezekiel, was Jewish. Nissim Ezekiel was a professor at Mumbai University. Esther David is a very popular novelist and so is Anita Desai. Some Jews also write in Marathi. Dr. Erulkar was the personal physician and friend of Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi. Dr. Erulkar's daughter is currently the 1st lady of Cyprus, married to the President of Cyprus. Another prominent Indian Jew is Dr. Jerusha Jhirad, who was given the title of Padma Shri by the Government of India. (Late) Mrs Hannah Sen, President of All, India Women's Conference and was also the first lady director, Lady Irwin College for Women, Delhi. (Late) Mr Ezra Kolet did pioneering work in the shipping industry. Mr J M Benjamin, was Chief Architect to the Government of India and former secretary, Delhi Urban Arts Commission.
D) Menashe Jews : Several Chin-Kuki tribal groups in the northeastern Indian states of Manipur, Mizoram, Assam and Nagaland, the western Burmese Chin state and Bangladesh's Chittagong hill tracts claim to be descendents of the tribe of Menashe. According to them, they came from China and lost their religion during centuries of wanderings through remote Asia. There are an estimated 4,300 Jewish tribes in India, with more in Burma and Bangladesh.
Syrian Christians came to India as refugees in the fourth century A.D. because they were persecuted in Syria. They are two groups, namely, Kananaya Syrian Christians and Saint Thomas Syrian Christians. Kananaya Syrian Christians claim that they are descendants of Thomas of Kana (Canaan), a central Asian merchant who reached the Malabar coast in the 4th century CE. Saint Thomas Syrian Christians claim that they are the only Christians who received baptism directly from the Apostle (Saint) Thomas, one of the disciple of Jesus Christ.
Both sects are still maintaining an extreme 'Savarna Jati' (upper caste) mentality in their social as well as religious transactions and above all they are very particular in legitimizing their superiority complex in the Christian discourse of Keralam. The Saint Thomas Syrian Christians believe that their forefathers were converted to Christianity in the first century C.E from among the Namboodries (Vedic Brahmins of Keralam) at a time when the Apostle Thomas, one disciple of Jesus Christ started his miraculous missionary activity in the Malabar Coast. The Syrian Christians practice casteism and untouchability in Kerala. Syrian Christians now own all major establishments, nearly 85 per cent of the educational institutions, 80 per cent of media, banks and financial institutions.
Though Armenians traveled to India from time immemorial, they started to form permanent settlements only from the 16th century. Armenians in India were not only famous as traders. Among the Indo-Armenians there were prominent poets, army commanders and governors. There were Armenian detachments in the Indian armies. In the 18th century Armenians were mostly residing in Madras, Bombay, Calcutta, Surat. Madras has significant Armenian population. In Madras the first Armenian journal named Azdarar was started on October 16, 1794, the first Armenian Constitution was written here and progressive Armenians of Madras have their tangible share in preparing of the freedom movement in Armenia. 20th century Armenians have also discarded their national costume. Now they have completely adopted European customs. Because of marriage with Europeans and Eurasians, they have forsaken their Church. In spite of all these changes, the Armenian community in India still remains distinct. The main concern of the Armenian Church Committee of Calcutta is to preserve the Armenian colony and its properties. With the efforts of this Church Committee the Armenian College & Philanthropic Academy still functions.
Part II
Ancient Foreign Refugees Who Settled Happily In India
Table of Contents : Part II
| 1. Hakka Chinese |
| 2. Sidhis |
The Chinese made an entry into the Calcutta (Kolkata) city during late eighteenth century. By the mid 19th century. These Chinese have clustered in china town in central Calcutta and Tangra in east Calcutta, which is the tannery zone. They are estimated to be about 20,000 in numbers. They have managed to create a little china (China Town) in Indian soil with traditional temples, dragon architecture and festoons in Chinese, with the rustle of real silk and the aroma of Chinese food. Their greater parts are "Hakka", the traditional tanners and shoemakers, followed by the carpenters and restaurant-keepers and the dentists, hairdressing, pharmaceutical and foods making. Two Chinese dailies are regularly published from Calcutta.
The Sidhis came from Africa during the twelfth century, mainly as soldiers, sailors and merchants. Some were warrior-slaves to Indian kings who valued them for their loyalty and fighting spirit. In India, about 30,000 Sidhis live in and around Junagarh, Gujarat. Today, about 80 per cent of India's Sidhi population work as manual laborers, either in farms or in cities. The Sidhis adapted to the Indian lifestyle, yet retained some ancient cultural practices and a few syncretic forms of worship. Today, their only link with Africa is through their music, dance and the few customs they have maintained. Though they use Swahili in some of their songs, they do not know its true meaning. They do not know the specific origin of their ancestors. Sidhi consider themselves Indians and Swahili as the language of their forefathers, and they should not forget it. Sidhis of India are dedicated to a Muslim Sufi saint named "Sidi Mubarak Nobi, who studied Sufism in Iraq but lived in India. They say "we enjoy going to Africa to perform the jungle dances, but we would never want to settle down there permanently."
Part III
In order to understand Tibetan refugees in India and throughout the world, we need to know the background under which Dalai Lama and his men opted to flee from Tibet. It is more important for followers of Dr. Ambedkar to know reality of Dalai Lama as many Dalits respect Dalai Lama considering him prominent Buddhist religious figure.
Table of Contents : Part III
Social System of Tibet under Lamaism.
In the thirteenth century, Emperor Kublai Khan created the first Grand Lama, who was to preside over all the other lamas as might a pope over his bishops. Several centuries later, the Emperor of China sent an army into Tibet to support the Grand Lama, an ambitious 25-year-old man, gave himself the title of Dalai Lama (Ocean of Knowledge), and ruler of all Tibet. Thus the first Dalai Lama was installed by a Chinese army. To elevate his authority beyond worldly challenge, the first Dalai Lama seized monasteries that did not belong to his sect, and destroyed Buddhist writings that conflicted his claim of divinity. The Dalai Lama who succeeded him pursued a sybaritic life, enjoying many mistresses, partying with friends, and acting in other ways deemed unfitting for an incarnate deity. For this he was done in by his priests. Within 170 years, despite their recognized status as gods, five Dalai Lamas were murdered by their high priests or other courtiers. (http://www.michaelparenti.org/ Friendly Feudalism: The Tibet Myth by Michael Parenti).
It was common practice for households in which a daughter had received the honor of the Dalai Lama's transmission through sexual union to raise a flag over their home. It is said that a sea of flags floated in the wind over the town. (Caplan, 2002; http://www.strippingthegurus.com/index.html).
Because these abbots practiced anti-woman celibacy, their new political system could not operate by hereditary father-to-son succession. So the lamas created a new doctrine for their religion : They announced that they could detect newborn children who were reincarnations of dead ruling lamas.
Dalai Lama had stated that "We enjoyed freedom and contentment." But Tibet's history gives a different picture. Early visitors to Tibet comment about the theocratic despotism. In 1895, an Englishman, Dr. A. L. Waddell, wrote that the populace of Tibet was under the "intolerable tyranny of monks" and the devil superstitions they had fashioned to terrorize the people. In 1904 Perceval Landon described the Dalai Lama's rule as "an engine of oppression." At about that time, another English traveler, Captain W.F.T. O'Connor, observed that "the great landowners and the priests . . . exercise each in their own dominion a despotic power from which there is no appeal," (http://www.michaelparenti.org/ Friendly Feudalism: The Tibet Myth by Michael Parenti).
Under the rule of Dalai Lama, the system he practiced was theocracy characterized by the dictatorship of upper-class monks and nobles. While most of the population lived in extreme poverty, the Dalai Lama lived richly in the 1,000-room, 14-story Potala Palace. He was an owner of slaves until 1959. He ruled over a harsh feudal serfdom. (http://www.workers.org/ww CIA ran Tibet contras since 1959 By Gary Wilson)
Until 1959 a great deal of real estate belonged to the monasteries, and most of them amassed great riches. In addition, individual monks and lamas were able to accumulate great wealth through active participation in trade, commerce, and money lending. Drepung monastery was one of the biggest landowners in the world, with its 185 manors, 25,000 serfs, 300 great pastures, and 16,000 herdsmen. The wealth of the monasteries went mostly to the higher-ranking lamas, many of them scions (descendants) of aristocratic families. Commander-in chief of the Tibetan army owned 4,000 square kilometers of land and 3,500 serfs. He also was a member of the Dalai Lama's lay Cabinet. (http://www.michaelparenti.org/ Friendly Feudalism: The Tibet Myth by Michael Parenti).
When he moved from palace to palace, the Dalai Lama rode on a throne chair pulled by dozens of slaves. His troops marched along to "It's a Long Way to Tipperary," a tune learned from their British imperialist trainers. Meanwhile, the Dalai Lama's bodyguards, all over six-and-a-half feet tall, with padded shoulders and long whips, beat people out of his path. This ritual is described in the Dalai Lama's autobiography. (http://kalovski.blog.com/763351/ May 23, 2006 The true face of the Dalai Lama)
One 1940 study of eastern Tibet says that 38 percent of households never got any tea–and drank only wild herbs or "white tea" (boiled water). Seventy-five percent of the households were forced at times to eat grass. Half of the people couldn't afford butter–the main source of protein available. Meanwhile, a major shrine, the Jokka Kang, burned four tons of yak butter offerings daily. It has been estimated that one-third of all the butter produced in Tibet went up in smoke in nearly 3,000 temples, not counting the small alters in each house. People and most monks were kept completely illiterate. Education, outside news and experimentation were considered suspect and evil. (http://kalovski.blog.com/763351/ May 23, 2006 The true face of the Dalai Lama)
"King Trosong Detsen decreed: "He who shows a finger to a monk shall have his finger cut off; he who speaks ill of the monks and the king's Buddhist policy shall have his lips cut off; he who looks askance at them shall have his eyes put out…" monasteries were dark fortresses of feudal exploitation–they were armed villages of monks complete with military warehouses and private armies. The monasteries also demanded that serfs hand over many young boys to serve as child-monks. the majority of monks were slaves and servants to the upper abbots and lived half-starved lives of menial labor, prayer chanting and routine beatings. Upper monks could force poor monks to take their religious exams or perform sexual services. (In the most powerful Tibetan sect, such homosexual sex was considered a sign of holy distance from women.) After liberation, Anna Louise Strong asked a young monk, Lobsang Telé, if monastery life followed Buddhist teachings about compassion. The young lama replied that he heard plenty of talk in the scripture halls about kindness to all living creatures, but that he personally had been whipped at least a thousand times. (http://kalovski.blog.com/763351/ May 23, 2006 The true face of the Dalai Lama)
Young Tibetan boys were regularly taken from their families and brought into the monasteries to be trained as monks. Once there, they became bonded for life. Tashì-Tsering, a monk, reports that it was common for peasant children to be sexually mistreated in the monasteries. He himself was a victim of repeated rape, beginning at age nine. The monastic estates also conscripted impoverished peasant children for lifelong servitude as domestics, dance performers, and soldiers. "Pretty serf girls were usually taken by the owner as house servants and used as he wished." They "were just slaves without rights." Serfs needed permission to go anywhere. (http://www.michaelparenti.org/ Friendly Feudalism: The Tibet Myth by Michael Parenti).
The greater part of the rural population—some 700,000 of an estimated total of 1,250,000—were serfs. Serfs and other peasants generally were little better than slaves. They went without schooling or medical care. They spent most of their time laboring for high-ranking lamas or for the aristocracy. They could not get married without the consent of their lord or lama. At that times, 95% of the Tibetans were serfs and slaves who had liberally no personal freedom. Their owners could trade and transfer them, present them as gifts and exchange them. They might be separated from their families should their owners send them to work in a distant location. (http://www.michaelparenti.org/ Friendly Feudalism: The Tibet Myth by Michael Parenti). Serfs could not marry or leave the estate without the master's permission. Masters transferred serfs from one estate to another at will, breaking up serf families forever. (http://kalovski.blog.com/763351/ May 23, 2006 The true face of the Dalai Lama) In the past, seeing an official or a feudal lord, a serf would bend his body forward and stick out his tongue; seeing his master intending to mount a horse, a serf would lie on the ground to serve as a stepping stone. As for housing, many serfs used to pass the night in the streets and a few household serfs used to sleep in their owners' lavatories. (Magazine Refuting So-called Destruction Of Tibetan Culture China Society For Human Rights Studies)
The aristocratic and monastery masters owned the people, the land and most of the animals. They forced the serfs to hand over most grain and demanded all kinds of forced labor (called ulag). (http://kalovski.blog.com/763351/ May 23, 2006 The true face of the Dalai Lama)
Squads of monks brutalized the people. They were called "Iron Bars" because of the big metal rods they carried to batter people. It was a crime to "step out of your place"- like hunting fish or wild sheep that the lamaist declared were "sacred." It was even a crime for a serf to appeal his master's decisions to some other authority. (http://kalovski.blog.com/763351/ May 23, 2006 The true face of the Dalai Lama)
One 22-year old woman, herself a runaway serf, reports : Landowners had legal authority to capture those who tried to flee. They had a professional army, albeit a small one, that served as a gendarmerie for the landlords to keep order and hunt down runaway serfs. Torture and mutilation—including eye gouging, the pulling out of tongues, hamstringing, and amputation—were favored punishments inflicted upon runaway serfs and thieves. Journeying through Tibet in the 1960s, Stuart and Roma Gelder interviewed a former serf, Tsereh Wang Tuei, who had stolen two sheep belonging to a monastery. For this he had both his eyes gouged out and his hand mutilated beyond use. He explains that he no longer is a Buddhist: "When a holy lama told them to blind me I thought there was no good in religion." (http://www.michaelparenti.org/ Friendly Feudalism: The Tibet Myth by Michael Parenti). When serfs ran away, the masters' gangs went to hunt them down. Each estate had its own dungeons and torture chambers. Pepper was forced under the eyelids. Spikes were forced under the fingernails. Serfs had their legs connected by short chains and were released to wander hobbled for the rest of their lives. (http://kalovski.blog.com/763351/ May 23, 2006 The true face of the Dalai Lama) Grunfeld writes: "Buddhist belief precludes the taking of life, so that whipping a person to the edge of death and then releasing him to die elsewhere allowed Tibetan officials to justify the death as 'an act of God.' (http://kalovski.blog.com/763351/ May 23, 2006 The true face of the Dalai Lama)
Other brutal forms of punishment included the cutting off of hands at the wrists, using red-hot irons to gouge out eyes; hanging by the thumbs; and crippling the offender, sewing him into a bag, and throwing the bag in the river." (http://kalovski.blog.com/763351/ May 23, 2006 The true face of the Dalai Lama)
Owners could arbitrarily carry out such savage and cruel punishments upon them in the owners' private penitentiaries as gouging out the eyes, cutting off ears, hands and feet, pulling off tendons, and throwing them into eater. Inhumane examples like these could be seen everywhere in Tibet and such are the real immense destruction and human suffering" inflicted on the people of Tibet. The feudal serfdom in Tibet was darker and crueler than the European serfdom of the Middle ages. (http://ch.china-embassy.org/eng/default.htm Statement by Foreign Affairs Committee of NPC On Dalai Lama's Speech at EP general Assembly 2004/06/16)
In 1959, Anna Louise Strong visited an exhibition of torture equipment that had been used by the Tibetan overlords. There were handcuffs of all sizes, including small ones for children, and instruments for cutting off noses and ears, gouging out eyes, and breaking off hands. There were instruments for slicing off kneecaps and heels, or hamstringing legs. There were hot brands, whips, and special implements for disemboweling. The exhibition presented photographs and testimonies of victims who had been blinded or crippled or suffered amputations for thievery. There was the shepherd whose master owed him a reimbursement in yuan and wheat but refused to pay. So he took one of the master's cows; for this he had his hands severed. Another herdsman, who opposed having his wife taken from him by his lord, had his hands broken off. There were pictures of Communist activists with noses and upper lips cut off, and a woman who was raped and then had her nose sliced away. One 24-year old runaway welcomed the Chinese intervention as a "liberation." He claimed that under serfdom he was subjected to incessant toil, hunger, and cold. After his third failed escape, he was mercilessly beaten by the landlord's men until blood poured from his nose and mouth. They then poured alcohol and caustic soda on his wounds to increase the pain. (http://www.michaelparenti.org/ Friendly Feudalism: The Tibet Myth by Michael Parenti)
As signs of the lamas' power, traditional ceremonies used body parts of people who had died: flutes made out of human thigh bones, bowls made out of skulls, drums made from human skin. After the revolution, a rosary was found in the Dalai Lama's palace made from 108 different skulls. After liberation, serfs widely reported that the lamas engaged in ritual human sacrifice–including burying serf children alive in monastery ground-breaking ceremonies. Former serfs testified that at least 21 people were sacrificed by monks in 1948 in hopes of preventing the victory of the communist revolution. (http://kalovski.blog.com/763351/ May 23, 2006 The true face of the Dalai Lama)
In Tibet under the Dalai Lama's rule, a ceremony celebrating the birth of the Dalai Lama required sacrificial offerings of two human heads, human intestines, human blood and a human skin, according to historical records. (Magazine Refuting So-called Destruction Of Tibetan Culture China Society For Human Rights Studies) Visiting the Lhasa [Tibet] museum, journalist Alain Jacob saw "dried and tanned children's skins, various amputated human limbs, either dried or preserved, and numerous instruments of torture that were in use until a few decades ago".
People were taxed upon getting married, taxed for the birth of each child, and for every death in the family. They were taxed for planting a tree in their yard and for keeping animals. There were taxes for religious festivals, for singing, dancing, drumming, and bell ringing. People were taxed for being sent to prison and upon being released. Those who could not find work were taxed for being unemployed, and if they traveled to another village in search of work, they paid a passage tax. When people could not pay, the monasteries lent them money at 20 to 50 percent interest. Some debts were handed down from father to son to grandson. Debtors who could not meet their obligations risked being placed into slavery for the rest of their lives. (http://www.michaelparenti.org/ Friendly Feudalism: The Tibet Myth by Michael Parenti).
Religious teachings buttressed its class order. The poor and afflicted were taught that they had brought their troubles upon themselves because of their wicked ways (sins) in previous lives. Hence they had to accept the misery of their present existence as a karmic atonement and in anticipation that their lot would improve upon being reborn. The rich and powerful of course treated their good fortune as a reward for, and tangible evidence of, virtue in past and present lives. (http://www.michaelparenti.org/ Friendly Feudalism: The Tibet Myth by Michael Parenti).
Lamaist superstition associated women with evil and sin. It was said "among ten women you'll find nine devils." Anything women touched was considered tainted–so all kinds of taboos were placed on women. Women were forbidden to handle medicine. Han Suyin reports, "No woman was allowed to touch a lama's belongings, nor could she raise a wall, or 'the wall will fall.'… A widow was a despicable being, already a devil. No woman was allowed to use iron instruments or touch iron. Religion forbade her to lift her eyes above the knee of a man, as serfs and slaves were not allowed to look the eyes upon the face of the nobles or great lamas." There are reports of women being burned for giving birth to twins and for practicing the pre-Buddhist traditional religion (called Bon). Twins were considered proof that a woman had mated with an evil spirit. Custom allowed a husband to cut off the tip of his wife's nose if he discovered she had slept with someone else. The patriarchal practices included polygamy, where a wealthy man could have many wives; and polyandry, where in land-poor noble families one woman was forced to be wife to several brothers. Rape of women serfs was common–under the ulag system, a lord could demand "temporary wives. (http://kalovski.blog.com/763351/ May 23, 2006 The true face of the Dalai Lama)
For ordinary people, there were no outhouses, sewers or toilets. The lamas taught that disease and death were caused by sinful "impiety." They said that chanting, obedience, paying monks money and swallowing prayer scrolls was the only real protection from disease. Leprosy, tuberculosis, goiter, tetanus, blindness and ulcers were very common. Feudal sexual customs spread venereal disease, including in the monasteries. (http://kalovski.blog.com/763351/ May 23, 2006 The true face of the Dalai Lama)
The Dalai Lama, as then the highest dictator of Tibet, bears inevitable responsibilities for these brutalities, and he is the real arch-criminal who has trampled upon human rights and freedoms in Tibet. He never dares to mention his barbarous ruling in old Tibet and has not expressed any sense of repentance. On the contrary, he deceives the international community by shamelessly assuming himself as the "spokesman" for the freedom of Tibet and protector of human rights and humanity. (http://ch.china-embassy.org/eng/default.htm Statement by Foreign Affairs Committee of NPC On Dalai Lama's Speech at EP general Assembly 2004/06/16)
Tibetan Lamaism is Atharva-Vedic
Trantrism of Arya-Brahmins in the garb of Buddhism !
The religion of Tibet is Buddhism, but like the Zen of Japan, it is a brand of Buddhism far divorced from the Indian original. Many scholars prefer the term "Lamaism" to distinguish between Tibetan Buddhism and its parent root. Dalai Lama's Buddhism is no Buddhism but in the garb of Buddhism it is Brahminist Atharva-vedic Tantrism.
Tantric Buddhism it literally swarms with aggressive warriors, demons, vampires, monsters, sword bearers, flame magicians, and avenging gods, who have at their disposal an overflowing arsenal of weapons. It is a dogmatic part of the tantric project, which makes wrath, aggression, murder, and the annihilation of enemies the starting point of its system of rituals. In the gloomy gokhang, the chamber or hall where their cult worship took (and still takes) place, hung (and still hang) their black thangkas, surrounded by an arsenal of bizarre weapons, masks and stuffed animals. Dried human organs were discovered there, the tanned skin of enemies and the bones of children. Earlier western visitors experienced this realm of shadows as a "chaotic, contradictory world like the images formed in a delirium" (Sierksma, 1966, p. 166). There are dreadful rumors about the obscure rituals which were performed in the "horror chambers" (Austin Waddell), because human flesh, blood, and other bodily substances were considered the most effective sacrificial offerings with which to appease the terror gods. If this flow of bloody food for the demons ever dries up, then according to Tibetan prophecies they fall upon innocent people, indeed even upon lamas so as to still their vampire-like thirst. The war god Begtse, for example, also known as Chamsrin strides over corpses swinging a sword in his right hand and holding a human heart to his mouth with the left so that he can consume it. His spouse, Dongmarma the "red face", chews at a corpse and is mounted upon a man-eating bear. Another "protective god", Yama, the judge of the dead, king of hell and an emanation of Avalokiteshvara (and thus also of the Dalai Lama), threatens with a club in the form of a child's skeleton in his right hand. Palden Lhamo, the Tibetan god-king's protective goddess gallops through a lake of blood using her son's skin as a saddle. The clergy in the Tibet of old was busy day and night defending themselves from foreign demons and keeping their own under control. (Hermanns, 1956, p. 198). As soon as something did not seem right, the superstitious peoples suspected that a demon was at work and fetched a lama to act as an exorcist for a fee and drive it out. (http://www.iivs.de/~iivs01311/index.html The Shadow of the Dalai Lama – Part II – 9. The war gods behind the mask of peace © Victor & Victoria Trimondi)
The following list of paradigms, concepts, theories, methods, and myths which have essentially shaped the culture of Lamaism (and still do) have become central for the neo-fascist movement :- 1) A strictly hierarchical state structure that rests upon a spiritually based "Führer principle" 2) The out and out patriarchal orientation of the state and society 3) The idea of a world ruler (Chakravartin) and a violent conquest of the world. 4) The myth of the "black sun" (Rahu myth in the Kalachakra Tantra) 5) The existence of a supernatural community of "priestly warriors" (Shambhala warriors) who observe and influence the history of the world. 6) A magical view of the world and the associated conception that the manipulation of symbols can affect history. 7) A great interest in paranormal phenomena and their combination with politics (visions, oracles, prophecies). 
Sexual magic practices for transforming erotic love and sexuality into worldly and spiritual power (Kalachakra Tantra) In 1942, the Reichsführer of the SS Himmler was interested in occult doctrines from "mysterious Tibet", and assumed that a "race with Nordic blood" existed there, oppressed by the English and Chinese, and waiting for their liberation by the Germans. In 1934 Schäfer had set out on the first of two expeditions financed by the SS to track down remnants of the 'Nordic intellectual' nobility" (Spiegel, 16/1998, p. 111). "Schäfer's SS men were permitted to enter holy Lhasa, otherwise closed to Europeans and Christians (http://www.gnosticliberationfront.com/index.htm The Shadow of the Dalai Lama – Part II – 11. The Shambhala Myth and the west © Victor & Victoria Trimondi)
In spite of claimed celibacy in Lamaism in the name of Tantrism sex was practiced in the cloud of mysticism is evident from the following extract :-
One Western female teacher and devotee of Tibetan Buddhism noted, in attempting to sort through her own feelings on the subject :- How could this old lama, a realized master of the supreme Vajrayana practices of Maha Mudra, choose a thirteen- or fourteen-year-old nun from the monastery to become his sexual consort every year ? I talked to a number of Western women who had slept with their lamas. Some liked it—they felt special. Some felt used and it turned them away from practice. Some said they mothered the lama. But no one described it as a teaching; there was nothing Tantric about it. The sex was for the lama, not them (in Kornfield, 2000). Lamas are known to be very crafty, and they use all kinds of techniques—flattery, promises, even lies—to expose a student to the Dharma. And it is thought to be an enormous blessing if a lama chooses to have sex with you (Sherrill, 2000). The forty-plus Jetsunma dropping Teri and instead taking one of her twenty-something male disciples as a "consort." The latter was, however, himself apparently cut loose a year later. He was further unbelievably talked into becoming a monk in order to "keep the blessing" conferred upon him in having had sex with his lama/guru, by never again sleeping with an "ordinary woman." Soon thereafter, the space-age Jetson-ma, "ruler of remote galaxies," became engaged to another male disciple, two decades her junior. Jetsunma's monastery exhibited a ratio of four nuns to every monk. The caliber of monks today has not, it seems, radically improved : Over 90% of those who wear the robes in India, and elsewhere are "frauds." The idea that the monk is more perfect than the non-monk is inveterate, and it is kindled by the monks themselves. in terms of human morality and of human intellect, monks are nowhere more perfect than lay people (Bharati, 1980). Likewise for Japanese Zen : It seemed to me that most of the monks at Suienji were proud of their position, lazy, stupid, greedy, angry, confused, or some combination. Mainly they were the sons of temple priests putting in their obligatory training time so that they could follow in daddy's footsteps. They listened to radios, drank at night and had pinups on the wall. What they were really into, though, was power trips. It's what got them off…. The senior monks were always pushing around the junior monks, who in turn were pushing around the ones that came after them (in Chadwick, 1994). The observations of a Thai Buddhist monk, in Ward (1998), at a monastery run by Ajahn Chah, are no more flattering: The farang [Westerners] at this wat [monastery] who call themselves monks are nothing but a bunch of social rejects who have found a place where they can get free food, free shelter and free respect. They are complacent and their only concern is their perks at the top end of the hierarchy. For more of the "inside story" on Tibetan Buddhism, consult Trimondi and Trimondi's (2003) The Shadow of the Dalai Lama: Sexuality, Magic and Politics in Tibetan Buddhism. (http://www.strippingthegurus.com/index.html)
Reforms in Tibet by Tibetan Communists of China
The Tibetan lords and lamas had seen Chinese come and go over the centuries and had enjoyed good relations with Generalissimo Chiang Kaishek and his reactionary Kuomintang rule in China. The approval of the Kuomintang government was needed to validate the choice of the Dalai Lama and Panchen Lama. When the young Dalai Lama was installed in Lhasa, it was with an armed escort of Chinese troops and an attending Chinese minister, in accordance with centuries-old tradition. (http://www.michaelparenti.org/ Friendly Feudalism: The Tibet Myth by Michael Parenti).
The Tibetan serf-owners themselves had signed this special "17-point agreement" and on October 26, 1951, and the People's Liberation Army (PLA) had peacefully marched into Lhasa. (http://kalovski.blog.com/763351/ May 23, 2006 The true face of the Dalai Lama) The 1951 treaty provided for ostensible self government under the Dalai Lama's rule but gave China military control and exclusive right to conduct foreign relations. The Chinese were also granted a direct role in internal administration "to promote social reforms." (http://www.michaelparenti.org/ Friendly Feudalism: The Tibet Myth by Michael Parenti). The PLA's entry into Tibet represents the process in which the central Government takes over the local authorities from the hand of the old Kuomintang regime and it won the approval and support of the Dalai himself and the broad masses of the Tibetan people. However, the Dalai claims repeatedly that china has "invaded Tibet" and refuses to recognize Tibet as part of China. (http://ch.china-embassy.org/eng/default.htm Statement by Foreign Affairs Committee of NPC On Dalai Lama's Speech at EP general Assembly 2004/06/16)
At first, communists moved slowly, relying mostly on persuasion in an attempt to effect change. Among the earliest reforms they wrought was to reduce usurious interest rates, and build a few hospitals and roads. "Contrary to popular belief in the West," writes one observer, the Chinese "took care to show respect for Tibetan culture and religion." No aristocratic or monastic property was confiscated, and feudal lords continued to reign over their hereditarily bound peasants. But what upset the Tibetan lords and lamas now was that these latest Chinese were Communists. It would be only a matter of time, they feared, before the Communists started imposing their collectivist egalitarian solutions upon Tibet. (http://www.michaelparenti.org/ Friendly Feudalism: The Tibet Myth by Michael Parenti).
During those first years, the People's Liberation Army (PLA) worked as a great construction force building the first roads connecting Tibet with central China. A long string of work camps stretched thousands of miles through endless mountains and gorges. Alongside these camps, the Han soldiers raised their own food using new collective methods. Serfs from surrounding areas were paid wages for work on the road. The rulers of old Tibet treated the serfs like "talking animals" and forced them to do endless unpaid labor–so the behavior of these People's Liberation Army (PLA) troops was shocking to the Tibetan masses. One serf said, "The Hans worked side by side with us. They did not whip us. For the first time I was treated as a human being." Another serf described the day a People's Liberation Army (PLA) soldier gave him water from the soldier's own cup, "I could not believe it!" One runaway said: "We understood that it was not the will of the gods, but the cruelty of humans like ourselves, which kept us slaves." The People's Liberation Army (PLA) road camps quickly became magnets for runaway slaves, serfs, and escaped monks. Young serfs working in the camps were asked if they wanted to go to school to help liberate their people. They became the first Tibetan students at Institutes for National Minorities in China's eastern cities. They learned reading, writing, and accounting "for the agrarian revolution to come"! (http://kalovski.blog.com/763351/ May 23, 2006 The true face of the Dalai Lama)
In this way, the revolution started recruiting activists who would soon lead the people. Once the first white-sand road was completed, long caravans of PLA trucks arrived, carrying key goods like tea and matches. The expanded trade and especially the availability of inexpensive tea improved the diet of ordinary Tibetans. By the mid-'50s, the first telephones, telegraphs, radio station and modern printing had been organized. The first newspapers, books and pamphlets appeared, in both Han and Tibetan languages. After 1955, Tibet's first real schools were founded. The first coal mine opened in 1958 and the first blast furnace in 1959. By July 1957 there were 79 elementary schools, with 6,000 students. All this started to improve the life of poor people and infuriated the upper classes. When revolutionary medical teams started healing people, even monks and the upper classes started showing up at the early clinics. This undermined superstitions that diseases were caused by sinful behavior. (http://kalovski.blog.com/763351/ May 23, 2006 The true face of the Dalai Lama) For the rich lamas and lords, the Communist intervention was a calamity. The Tibetan aristocracy wanted to reestablish its slavery over the masses of Tibet. Hence they eagerly accepted the Mossad-CIA assistance in overthrowing communist rule over Tibet. (http://www.michaelparenti.org/ Friendly Feudalism: The Tibet Myth by Michael Parenti). They tried every foul means but their revolts were crushed as masses were against Dalai Lama and his theocracy. Finally, Dalai Lama had to flee with the help of CIA.
Because Dalai Lama's Kashag government had largely supported this counterrevolutionary revolt hence it was dissolved. Forced ulag labor was abolished. The nangzen slaves of the nobles and monasteries were freed. The masses of slave-monks were suddenly allowed to leave the monasteries. Arms caches were cleaned out of the main monasteries, and key conspirators were arrested. The sight of thousands of young monks eagerly getting married and doing manual labor was a powerful blow to superstitious awe. Women's liberation got off the ground–under the then-shocking slogan "All men and women are equal!" Without the land rent, the huge parasitic monasteries started to dry up. About half the monks left them and about half the monasteries closed down. In mass meetings, serfs were encouraged to organize Peasant Associations and fight for their interests. Key oppressors were called out, denounced and punished. The debt records of the serf-owners were burned in great bonfires. Women played a particularly active role. They are seen in the photographs of those days leading such meetings and denouncing the oppressor. Soon, the serfs seized the land and livestock. Ex-serfs, former beggars, and ex-slaves each received several acres. Serfs received 200,000 new deeds to the land and herds–decorated with red flags. These revolutionary moves took intense and often bloody class struggle. (http://kalovski.blog.com/763351/ May 23, 2006 The true face of the Dalai Lama) After 1959 Chinese did abolish slavery and the serfdom system of unpaid labor, and put an end to floggings, mutilations, and amputations as a form of criminal punishment. They eliminated the many crushing taxes, started work projects, and greatly reduced unemployment and beggary. They established secular education, thereby breaking the educational monopoly of the monasteries. They constructed running water and electrical systems in Lhasa. By 1961, the Chinese expropriated the landed estates owned by lords and lamas, and reorganized the peasants into hundreds of communes. They distributed hundreds of thousands of acres to tenant farmers and landless peasants. Herds once owned by nobility were turned over to collectives of poor shepherds. Improvements were made in the breeding of livestock, and new varieties of vegetables and new strains of wheat and barley were introduced, along with irrigation improvements, all of which reportedly led to an increase in agrarian production. (http://www.michaelparenti.org/ Friendly Feudalism: The Tibet Myth by Michael Parenti).
Bold serf women organized teams to hunt sacred animals and "iron brigades" to break plowing taboos. In 1966, 100,000 farmers waged a two-month mass campaign to exterminate earth rats, rodents that were eating their grain. In the past the monks had protected these rats, saying they were sacred reincarnations of lice from Buddha's body. It was the thousands of monasteries that inspired the greatest superstitious awe. These feudal strongholds themselves were targeted. In a huge mass movement, the many monasteries of Tibet were emptied and physically dismantled. These monasteries were armed fortresses that had loomed over the peasants' lives for centuries. These fortresses provoked justified fear that the old ways might return–one conspiracy after another was plotted behind monastery walls. All available accounts agree that this dismantling was done almost exclusively by the Tibetan serfs themselves, led by revolutionary activists. Often idols, texts, prayer flags, prayer wheels and other symbols were publicly destroyed–as a powerful way of shattering century-old superstitions. The old, hateful system of Lamaist feudalism had been shattered by the people themselves. The life of the people improved. Disease declined. The population increased. The numbing isolation of old Tibet was broken. Literacy and basic scientific knowledge spread among the people. Before the revolution, about 90 percent of the population was infected–causing widespread sterility and death. the revolution was able to greatly reduce these illnesses–but it required intense class struggle against the lamas and their religious superstitions. The monks denounced antibiotics and public health campaigns, saying it was a sin to kill lice or even germs ! The monks denounced the People's Liberation Army for eliminating the large bands of wild, rabies-infested dogs that terrorized people across Tibet. (http://kalovski.blog.com/763351/ May 23, 2006 The true face of the Dalai Lama)
Many peasants remained as religious as ever, giving alms to the clergy. But the many monks who had been conscripted into the religious orders as children were now free to renounce the monastic life, and thousands did, especially the younger ones. The remaining clergy lived on modest government stipends, and extra income earned by officiating at prayer services, weddings, and funerals. (http://www.michaelparenti.org/ Friendly Feudalism: The Tibet Myth by Michael Parenti).
The Dalai Lama has, in every possible way, accused China of destroying Tibetan culture but has never been able to support his accusation with one single convincing fact. The Tibetan culture he talks about is nothing but a serf-slaving culture that was prevalent in Tibet when he was the ruler there. (Magazine Refuting So-called Destruction Of Tibetan Culture China Society For Human Rights Studies) Both the Dalai Lama and his advisor and youngest brother, Tendzin Choegyal, claimed that "more than 1.2 million Tibetans are dead as a result of the Chinese occupation." But the official 1953 census—six years before the Chinese crackdown—recorded the entire population residing in Tibet at 1,274,000.33 Other census counts put the ethnic Tibetan population within the country at about two million. If the Chinese killed 1.2 million in the early 1960s then whole cities and huge portions of the countryside, indeed almost all of Tibet, would have been depopulated, transformed into a killing field dotted with death camps and mass graves—of which we have not seen evidence. The thinly distributed Chinese military force in Tibet was not big enough to round up, hunt down, and exterminate that many people even if it had spent all its time doing nothing else. (http://www.michaelparenti.org/ Friendly Feudalism: The Tibet Myth by Michael Parenti).
Dalai Lama and his Mossad-CIA led Campaigns.
Tibetan ruling class were hostile to the reform and wanted to preserve the serfdom forever so as to maintain their own vested interests. Therefore, they deliberately violated and sabotaged the 17-Article Agreement and masterminded armed rebellion in certain areas in a bid to separate the motherland. During the 1950s, while the Dalai Lama was still in power, his family developed ties with the CIA–which was arming and financing armed revolts both within Tibet and in the nearby Kham region. (http://members.tripod.com/ The True Story of Maoist Revolution in Tibet by Mike Ely) Indian Arya-Brahmins also helped Dalai lama and his feudal armed forces.
During years 1952-56 the Indians were interested only in supporting intelligence operations in Tibet, but Chinese Nationalist (Taiwan) representatives in 1952 offered to back paramilitary operations in Tibet. ([CTRL] CIA Operations in China by Kris Millegan) During 1956-57, armed Tibetan bands ambushed convoys of the Chinese Peoples Liberation Army (PLA). The uprising received extensive assistance from the US Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), including military training, support camps in Nepal, and numerous airlifts. Meanwhile in the United States, the American Society for a Free Asia, a CIA front, energetically publicized the cause of Tibetan resistance, with the Dalai Lama's eldest brother, Thubtan Norbu, playing an active role in that group. The Dalai Lama's second-eldest brother, Gyalo Thondup, already had established an intelligence operation with the CIA in 1951. He later upgraded it into a CIA-trained guerrilla unit whose recruits parachuted back into Tibet. Many Tibetan commandos and agents whom the CIA dropped into the country were chiefs of aristocratic clans or the sons of chiefs. Ninety percent of them were never heard from again, according to a report from the CIA itself, meaning they were most likely captured and killed. "Many lamas and lay members of the elite and much of the Tibetan army joined the uprising, but in the main the populace did not, assuring its failure," writes Hugh Deane. In their book on Tibet, Ginsburg and Mathos reach a similar conclusion: "As far as can be ascertained, the great bulk of the common people of Lhasa and of the adjoining countryside failed to join in the fighting against the Chinese. (http://www.michaelparenti.org/ Friendly Feudalism: The Tibet Myth by Michael Parenti).
In March 1959, a handful of Tibetan serf-owners, colluding with foreign forces, mounted a general armed rebellion and advocated flagrantly the separatist slogan of "Tibetan independence". People's Liberation Army (PLA) with the support and assistance of the broad Buddhist monks and laymen, quelled swiftly the separatists' rebellion.
Evil deeds of Dalai Lama and his followers during their armed insurgence in 1959 which aimed to protect feudal serfdom are unveiled. Their evil deeds include splitting the motherland, butchering Tibetan people, looting temples, and raping women. They killed a nine-year-old boy Samni, for example, cutting open his belly and eating his heart. Then, they cut the boy into small pieces and had him hung from a tree. (http://english.people.com.cn/english/home.html Commentary Unveils Evil Deeds of Dalai Lama) When the Dalai Lama traveled into exile in 1959, the cook and radio operator in his entourage were CIA agents.
Flight of Dalai Lama was in fact played out months in advance in Washington by high military officials. In 1959, the American-trained guerillas collected Dalai Lama from his summer residence (in Lhasa). During the long trek to the Indian border the underground fighters were in constant radio contact with the Americans and were supplied with food and equipment by aircraft. The Dalai Lama would never have been saved without the CIA" (Grunfeld, 1996, pp. 155-156). Chinese were not particularly interested in pursuing the refugees since they believed they would be better able to deal with the rebellion in Tibet if the Dalai Lama was out of the country. The flight, organized by the CIA and tolerated by the Chinese, was later mythologized by the western press and the Dalai Lama himself into a divine exodus. There was mysterious talk of a "mystic cloud" which was supposed to have veiled the column of refugees during the long trek to India and protected them from the view of and attack by the Chinese enemy. CIA airplanes which gave the refugees air cover and provided them with supplies of food became Chinese "reconnaissance" flights which circled above the fleeing god-king but, thanks to wondrous providence and the "mystic cloud", were unable to discern anything. (http://www.iivs.de/~iivs01311/index.html The Shadow of the Dalai Lama – Part II – 9. The war gods behind the mask of peace © Victor & Victoria Trimondi)
Dalai Lama went into exile in India where the CIA set up and trained the Tibetan contra (counter revolutionary) army. "Air Force pilots working with the CIA" asked potential recruits one question: Do you want to kill Chinese? These recruits were trained at U.S. military bases in Okinawa, Guam and Colorado. They were then dropped into the Tibetan region of China by "American pilots. (http://www.workers.org/ww CIA ran Tibet contras since 1959 By Gary Wilson) The CIA had immediately set up a Tibetan contra (counter revolutionary) force among the exiles. Ten Tibetan contra camps were set up in the tiny principality of Mustang on the Nepal-China border. The CIA had three more C130s modified for high altitude airdrops. At this time, the Indian government was preparing a border war with revolutionary China, and their direct involvement in the Tibetan contra army picked up. At a secret Indian base in Orissa, U.S. agents, Indian officials and Tibetan contras met weekly to coordinate their activities. The first Tibetan contra raid into China was staged in late 1961, just before war broke out between India and China. Grunfeld documents a CIA study from this period with detailed information on how Tibet's unique weather might affect the use of aerial, chemical and biological warfare. *IP2* The Tibetan contra border raids continued through the '60s. The CIA money that Gyalo Thondup received for these operations increased. The CIA hoped these Tibetan contras could maintain networks of agents, conduct sabotage, and generally harass the revolutionary forces. Meanwhile, the people in Nepal increasingly demanded that these armed camps be removed. (The Dalai Lama and the CIA Revolutionary Worker #765, July 17, 1994)
After China's border war with India in 1962, the CIA worked closely with Indian intelligence services in training and supplying agents in Tibet and in creating a special forces unit of Tibetan refugees that was eventually called the Special Frontier Force. The Agency also assisted the Dalai Lama's government-in-exile by giving a $180,000 annual donation to the Dalai Lama's charitable trust fund until 1967 and by subsidizing a training program for Tibetan officials and agents at Cornell University. It also purchased Tibetan art works for display at the government-in-exile's Tibet House in New Delhi. (Radio Free Asia Tibetan BBS)
Dalai Lama organized rebellion forces and for many times plotted violent riots in Tibet. He sent secret agents and intelligence personnel to carry out terrorist activities in Tibet. He spread rumors and calumnies and engineered other sorts of separatist activities. He shuttled among foreign countries only to advertise the "Tibetan independence", trying to internationalize the so-called "Tibetan issue". By analyzing what the Dalai Lama has done over the past 40 years, we can find out that he has done nothing to "serve the people of Tibet", but instead, he has done everything trying to regain his lost paradise. there he could re-enslave the Tibetan people and separate Tibet from the motherland. (http://ch.china-embassy.org/eng/default.htm Statement by Foreign Affairs Committee of NPC On Dalai Lama's Speech at EP general Assembly 2004/06/16)
Immense Wealthy Dalai Lama Receives immense Aid
In 1956 the Dalai Lama, fearing that the Chinese government would soon move on Lhasa, had issued an appeal for gold and jewels to construct another throne for himself. This, he argued, would help rid Tibet of "bad omens''. One hundred and twenty tons were collected. When the Dalai Lama fled to India in 1959, he was preceded by more than 60 tons of treasure.(http://www.timboucher.com/journal/2005/07/25/dalai-lama-on-cia-payroll/)
Throughout the 1960s, the Tibetan exile community was secretly pocketing $1.7 million a year from the CIA, according to documents released by the State Department in 1998. Once this fact was publicized, the Dalai Lama's organization itself issued a statement admitting that it had received millions of dollars from the CIA during the 1960s to send armed squads of exiles into Tibet to undermine the Maoist revolution. The Dalai Lama's annual payment from the CIA was $186,000. Indian intelligence also financed both him and other Tibetan exiles. He has refused to say whether he or his brothers worked for the CIA. The agency has also declined to comment. (http://www.michaelparenti.org/ Friendly Feudalism: The Tibet Myth by Michael Parenti). It therefore seems that Dalai Lama is a paid servant of CIA.
Today, mostly through the National Endowment for Democracy and other conduits that are more respectable-sounding than the CIA, the US Congress continues to allocate an annual $2 million to Tibetans in India, with additional millions for "democracy activities" within the Tibetan exile community. The Dalai Lama also gets money from financier George Soros, who now runs the CIA-created Radio Free Europe/ Radio Liberty and other institutes. (http://www.michaelparenti.org/ Friendly Feudalism: The Tibet Myth by Michael Parenti).
The monks who were granted political asylum in California applied for Social Security. Lewis, herself a devotee for a time, assisted with the paperwork observes that they continue to receive Social Security checks amounting to $550 to $700 per month along with Medicare and MediCal. In addition, the monks reside rent free in nicely furnished apartments. "They pay no utilities, have free access to the Internet on computers provided for them, along with fax machines, free cell and home phones and cable TV." In addition, they receive a monthly payment from their order. Dharma center takes up a special collection from its American members separate from membership dues. Some members eagerly carry out chores for the monks, including grocery shopping and cleaning their apartments and toilets. These same holy men "have no problem criticizing Americans for their 'obsession with material things." (http://www.michaelparenti.org/ Friendly Feudalism: The Tibet Myth by Michael Parenti).
Dalai Lama's Government in Exile in India
Along with Dalai lama approximately 85,000 Tibetan refugees fled to India during the past 40 years. He left Lhasa on March 17, 1959, crossing safely into India on March 31, 1959 where he was warmly received. Initially Mussourie was offered by the Indian government to the Dalai Lama. Shortly after the Dalai Lama moved to Mussourie, the Nowrojee family contacted him and suggested McLeodganj to be a better place. Dalai Lama's government-in-exile in Dharamsala, known as the Central Tibetan Administration, is a set up suggested by Nehru during his first meetings with the Dalai Lama in 1959. Nehru offered to Kangra Valley as headquarter of Tibetan Government in exile. The location Nehru offered to Tibetan Government in exile in the Kangra Valley is rich in unexplored archaeological sites of great importance. Since then McLeodganj has become the headquarters of the "Tibetan Government in Exile". In Dharamsala life is basically Lamaist Tibetan in character.
Lal Bahadur Shashtri government thought of according official status and recognize the Dalai Lama's administration as a government-in-exile. Lal Bahadur Shastri informed a representative of the Dalai Lama that after he returned from Tashkent he would take this decisive step. But he died in Tashkent. The CTA is a Government with legislative, judiciary and executive bodies and gets generous assistance of the Government of India, Nepal, the United Nations High Commission for refugees and foreign donors. (http://www.michaelparenti.org/ Friendly Feudalism: The Tibet Myth by Michael Parenti).
According to Norm Dixon, Dalai Lama's talk on democracy is cunning hypocrisy and lie. An Office of Tibet document of Dalai Lama claims "soon after His Holiness the Dalai Lama's arrival in India, he re-established the Tibetan Government in exile, based on modern democratic principles". Yet it took more than 30 years for an Assembly of Tibetan People's Deputies to be directly elected from among the 130,000 exiles. Of 46 assembly members, only 30 are elected. The other 16 are appointed by religious authorities or directly by the Dalai Lama. All assembly decisions must be approved by the Dalai Lama, whose sole claim to the status of head of state is that he has been selected by the gods. The separation of church and state is yet to be recognized by the Dalai Lama as a "modern democratic principle". (http://www.greenleft.org.au/ The Dalai Lama's hidden past 25 September 1996 Comment by Norm Dixon) Such is the hypocrisy of the exploiters and oppressors.
Central Tibetan Administration
The Central Tibetan Administration (CTA) was first established in Mussoorie on April 29, 1959. Then in May 1960 it was moved to Dharamsala. Various CTA departments are as under.
The Tibetan Supreme Justice Commission : Is the highest judicial authority of the Tibetan Administration. It adjudicates civil cases in the Tibetan community as long as they do not clash with the interest of host governments' laws. The Chief Justice Commissioner is appointed directly by the Dalai Lama.
The assembly of Tibetan People's Deputies : The Assembly of Tibetan People's Deputies is an elected legislative body consists of forty six members The Assembly elects ministers who form the Tibetan cabinet (Kashag).
THE KASHAG (The Tibetan Cabinet) : The Kashag (Cabinet) is the highest executive authority of CTA. Its members report to Dalai Lama and the Assembly of Tibetan People's Deputies. The present Kashag consists of eight kalons (ministers).
The CTA Commissions
1) The Election Commission 2) Public Service Commission which recruit, train and appoint civil servants to serve in the Central Tibetan Administration. 3) Audit Commission of CTA, The heads of these commissions are directly appointed by Dalai Lama.
Various Departments of C.T.A.
1) Department of religion and culture :- oversees and coordinates the activities of all Tibetan religious institutions. It also maintains close touch with Buddhist organizations throughout the world. At the moment, there are 181 monasteries and eight nunneries with enrolment of over 17,000 monks and 600 nuns respectively.
2) Home Department :- Tibetan welfare office is responsible for looking after the welfare of Tibetans in Dharamsala.
3) Department of Education :- administers schools and educational institutions in India, Nepal and Bhutan, etc. countries.
4) Department of finance :- Runs twenty four business enterprises in India, Nepal and the United States to generate funds for the operational expenses of the Central Tibetan Administration. It also formulates the annual budget of the CTA.
5) Department of Information and international Relations :- The department publishes regular periodicals in Tibetan, Hindi, English, Chinese and Arabic and acts as the protocol office of the CTA and assists visitors, mainly media personnel, and liaises with Tibet Support Groups throughout the world. The branch office of information sells books, magazines, video and audio tapes, photos, etc. on Dalai Lama and Tibet. Tibetan Computer resource centre provides Departments, organizations and individuals services such as an e-mail service, called TibetNet.
6) Department of Security :- Ensures the personal security of Dalai Lama. It has a research wing which gathers information on developments in Tibet and China. Branch security office help Tibetans to obtain and renew their residential permits from the Indian authorities.
7) Department of Health :- Runs sixty one Primary Health Care centres and six referral hospitals in almost all the Tibetan communities in India and abroad.
7) Planning Council :- It institutionalize the planning process within the Tibetan community and integrate, coordinate and set priorities among the many developmental activities undertaken within the Tibetan community in exile.
The local Tibetan Assembly (LTA) of CTA, form the settlement's policies, rules and directives. There are between eleven to thirty eight members who are elected for a five-year term. Each village also elects a leader who acts as a Liaison between the Representative's office and the public. The Indian Government began to allocate substantial aid for the rehabilitation of refugees. The different state governments began to allocate land for the resettlement of Tibetan refugees. As per available information, Tibetan Refugees settlements primarily in India, Nepal, Bhutan, Switzerland, the United States and Canada for which huge donations from various sources, including $2.25 million from the US Congress, is received.
Soon after the first refugees started coming to India, the Department of Home was established to coordinate the immediate relief assistance for them and to find a long term solution for the resettlement of Tibetan refugees. Today there are 54 Tibetan settlements throughout India, Bhutan and Nepal, 26 agricultural, 17 agro-industrial and 11 handicraft-based. The Tibetan refugee population has grown to approximately 121,143. According to a 1994 census 69,426 Tibetan refugees live in settlements, another 51,715 live in scattered communities across the Indian subcontinent. The Dalai Lama's Central Tibetan Relief Committee, created in 1960, works with the Ministry of Labor and Rehabilitation of the Government of India and various voluntary organizations. The rehabilitation of Tibetan refugees is being achieved through the schemes of Government of India as well as relief agencies under the Tibetan Administration in India. The numbers of villages in each settlement vary from 6 to 22 per settlement, with varying population from 3,500 to 11,700. The acreage of land per settlement varies from 3,400 to 11,643 acres. All the settlements have basic education facilities from nursery to higher secondary standard, places of worship, primary health care clinics and hospitals, and access to the traditional Tibetan Medicinal practice. There are also old age homes in three of the above five settlements. The major monasteries have also been re-established in these settlements. The settlement officer, known as the Representative of the Department of Home-CTA, administers each settlement. Some of them in India are as under.
Agricultural-based settlements :- 1) Choepheling, Miao 2) Changthang, 3) Leh Ladakh 4) Dickyi Larsoe, Bylakuppee 5) Dhondenling, Kollegal 6) Dhoeguling, Mundgod 7) Dhargyaling, Tezu Doegu Yougyaling, Herbertpur, U.P. 9) Kunpheling, Rawangla, Sikkim 10) Lugsum-Samdupling, Bylakuppee 11) Lama Hatta, Darjeeling, West Bengal 12) Norgyaling Tibetan settlement, 13) Bhandara, India 14) Phuntsokling Tibetan settlement, Orissa 15) Phendeyling, Mainpat 16) Rabgyaling, Hunsur 17) Sonamling, Leh Ladakh 18) Tenzingang, Bomdila
Agro-Industrial-based settlements :- 1) Bir Society, H.P. 2) Dolanji, H.P. 3) Dhondupling, Dehra Dun, U.P. 4) Tibetan Khampa industrial Society, Bir, H.P. 5) Kham kathok Tibetan Society, Sautan, H.P. 6) Tibetan Taopon Gapa Welfare Society, Kamrao, H.P. 7) Lingtsang, Dehra Dun, U.P. Tibetan Cholusm Industrail Society, Paonta, H.P. 9) Tibetan Industrail Rehabilitation Society, Chauntra, H.P. 10) Tashi ling Tibetan Camp, Pandho, H.P. 11) Sakya Tibetan Society, Purwala, H.P. 12) Tibetan Refugee Cooperative Collective Farming Society, Sonada, West Bengal 13) Tibetan Craft Community, Tashi Jong, H.P.
In each of the settlements there are Cooperative societies having their own Board of Directors. Their duty is to determine their own policies. The Chief Representative cum South Zone development coordinator's office is also known as Dalai Lama's Central Tibetan Relief Committee acts as the relief wing of Department of Home of CTA.
In 1959 Pundit Nehru created the Society for Tibetan Education within the Indian Ministry of Education. Today there are 85 Tibetan schools in India, Nepal and Bhutan with a current enrolment of 27,230 students. The 45,550 children who have attended these schools are the first Tibetans in history to have a modern, multilingual education. The CTA hopes to build a vocational training centre for new arrivals near Kathmandu by purchasing land in northern India. Tibetan refugees born in India are entitled to Indian citizenship according to Section 3, of the Indian Citizenship Act; 1955. Tibetan refugees have been issued certificates of identity, which enables them to seek employment take part in other economic activities and travel abroad.
Various CTA Departments / Institutes
The Library of Tibetan Works and Archives (ltwa) :- It was established in 1971 as a repository for ancient cultural objects, books and manuscripts from Tibet. The Library has eight departments: research and translation; publications; oral history and film documentation; reference (reading room); Tibetan studies; Tibetan manuscripts; a museum and a school for thangka painting and woodcarving. It has a team of Tibetan scholars engaged in research, translation, instruction and the publication of books. The Library has acquired a reputation as an international centre for Tibetan studies. To date, more than five thousand scholars and research students from over thirty countries have benefited from this unique educational institution. For research scholars and students, the Library offers hostel accommodation on a first-come-first-served basis. A schedule of courses is available from the Library office. The Library publishes The Tibet Journal, a scholarly and international journal on Tibetan culture. The monthly Sheja and weekly Tibetan Freedom in the Tibetan language are published by the Department of Information and International Relations. It also publishes Tibetan Bulletin, a bimonthly magazine in English, Tibbat Desh, a bimonthly in Hindi, and Tibet Bulletin, a bimonthly in Chinese. Tibetan Youth Congress brings out Rangzen in both Tibetan and English. The Institute of Buddhist Dialectics publishes Lhaksam Tsekpa to interpret the broad issues of western political thought and ideas. The Department of Religion and Culture publishes Cho-Yang, a glossy magazine on culture and Buddhism. Amnye Machen Institute publishes yearly Cairn and Lungta in English. Tibetan Review, an independent monthly journal in English, is published from Delhi and is read by Tibetans all over the world.
Amnye Machen Institute :- Is a centre for advanced Tibetan studies. The institute addresses the limitations in the intellectual, social and cultural life of the Tibetan people both inside and outside Tibet. IT exposes Tibetans to western literature and culture by translating them into Tibetan. It brings out two yearly journals in English, entitled Cairn and Lungta. Frequent lectures, seminars and discussion on Tibetan Buddhism, language, culture, history and politics organized. The Department of Information and International Relations organizes a weekly Tibet Awareness Program on Thursday.
Tibetan Medical And Astro Institute :- Is a huge complex in a spacious compound where the fundamentals of traditional Tibetan medical practice are taught to over fifty students per year. The TMAI has a dispensary, an inpatient unit and a surgical ward. This clinic, as well as its branch in McLeod Gunj, treats patients from all over the world. About two hundred different pills are produced at the institute and distributed to thirty six branch clinics in India and Nepal. They are also mailed abroad. The institute today is staffed by a group of Tibetan physicians including Dalai Lama's two personal doctors who carry out research and chemical analysis on over 2,294 drugs. TMAI physicians also go abroad at the invitation of universities, medical institutions and groups of patients. An astrological department of TMAI besides providing training in the exacting science of Tibetan astrology, publishes an annual lunar calendar based on the Tibetan system of astrological calculations. Individual horoscopes are made by the department on request.
Tibetan Derek Hospital :- It is assisted by volunteer doctors and dentists from the west, Delek Hospital is managed entirely by Tibetans in exile. It has a surgery and maternity ward, as well as an outpatient clinic, laboratory and pharmacy. One unit works solely towards the eradication of tuberculosis in the Tibetan community. There is also a mobile team for community health and an eye clinic. The hospital trains Tibetan health workers for practice in the Tibetan settlements.
Tibetan Handicraft Centre :- This carpet-weaving centre is established to promote the traditional Tibetan craft of carpet-making and to generate employment in the Tibetan community. It has a showroom in the town's main street.
Tibetan Children Village (TCV) :- The Tibetan children's Village runs a chain of fifteen schools, with over ten thousand students, in different parts of India. The main village, known as the Upper TCV, is based on a hill two kilometers from McLeod Ganj. It educates and looks after the upbringing of about three thousand students. Upper TCV consists of thirty eight homes, four hostels and a baby room to care for months-old infants through to boys and girls of sixteen. It has modern school buildings ranging from nursery to high school, sports grounds, staff quarters, a dispensary, a handicraft centre, etc. These are spread over an area of about forty three acres.
Yongling School : – The Yongling school looks after the educational needs of kindergarten children before they are eligible for established schools like TCV. In winter, Yongling school also acts as a home to children whose parents go down to the plains of India to sell garments.
Monasteries, Nunneries and Other Religious Sites :- Tantrik Buddhism (Brahmanism) is the cultural life in Dharamsala. In Namgyal Monastery, the Tantric college performs rituals.
Namgyal Monastery :- At present, the monastery has more than 180 monks, of which the younger monks study the major texts of Buddhist Sutra and Tantra. Namgyal Monastery has also a cafe, bookshop and guest house adjacent to the Tsuglag Khang.
Tsuglag Khang :- Is known as the Main Temple. In 1992 a new prayer hall was added to the Tsuglag Khang complex with fine frescoes of the Kalachakra Tantra cycle. The Central Cathedral is also the site of public prayers, sermons and certain religious festivities, including monastic dances.
Namgyalma Stupa :- It is located in the centre of McLeod Gunj. Day and night, devotees turn prayer wheels as they circumambulate the Stupa, reciting mantras.
Gaden Choeling Nunnery :- The present strength of the nunnery is over a hundred. Meditation, prayer, debate, the reading of scriptures, the performance of religious ceremonies and the training of young nuns are main activities.
Dolmaling And Shugseb Nunneries :- These nunneries were founded in the early 1990s to house and educate nuns escaping Tibet. Shugseb lies in a quiet forest setting one kilometer from Om Restaurant. The four-acre site, designed to accommodate up to 300 nuns in future, currently houses over 100 "new arrival" nuns from Tibet.. Phase Two of this ambitious project will add a temple and Institute for Higher Tibetan Studies to the current accommodation infrastructure.
Trilokpur Nunnery :- Trilokpur nunnery is located half way between Dharamsala and Pathankot.
Dip-Ste-chokling Monastery :- It is idyllic, golden-roofed monastery. Apart from the Tibetan monks, Tsechokling has a small number of foreign Buddhist students who study and reside there. It also offers a guest house.
The Institute of Buddhist Dialectics :- It offers two main courses in the study of Buddhist philosophy: a seven-year course in Prajnaparamita (The Perfection of Wisdom) and a three-year course in Madhyamika (Nagarjuna's Treatise on the Middle Path). The training offered is comprehensive; besides the prescribed courses, the students study western philosophy, political science, Tibetan literature, script and poetry. It has, Western, Indian, Mongolian and other Asian students. The Institute has a branch school near a village called Gaggal.
Nechung Monastery :- About seventy monks study here and carry on the secret and sacred rituals. Nechung Monastery also runs a popular guest house and cafe.
Gadong Monastery :- Gadong Monastery has fifteen monks and is largely supported by its restaurant and guest house.
Tushita Retreat Centre :- Is situated in a very quite and peaceful wood, is an ideal place for meditation and spiritual retreats. The centre is residential and open throughout the year for both individual and group retreats. Tushita provides frequent courses on various aspects of Tibetan Tantrik Buddhism.
Gyto and Gyme tantric Colleges :- McLeod Gunj branches of these two monastic universities, specializing in ritual chanting.
Gaden Shartse and Jangtse :- The main monastic university of Gaden is in South India, but two of its colleges, Shartse and Jangtse, maintain branches here in McLeod Gunj.
Retreat Caves :- Retreat huts and caves of Tibetan lamas and monks to meditate in peace and seclusion are above Bhagsunag waterfall about two hours journey from McLeod Gunj.
Lhagyal-Ri (Lhasoel Ground) :- Here Tibetans perform their rituals of appeasement and atonement to the protecting deities and guardian Gods.
Nyungne Lhakang :- The Nyungne Lhakang organizes fasts, especially in the Saka Dawa month.
CTA Reception Centre : – The refugees usually arrive first in Nepal, from where they make their way to Dharamsala via Delhi. Branch reception centres in Kathmandu and Delhi give free food and lodging to new refugees and are guided to their onward destinations. The Reception Centre also helps the new refugees to find employment, join schools and monasteries, or start small business enterprises in India, for which it provides capital and training.
THE TIBETAN FUND :- Over the past two decades, Tibet Fund has steadily increased the amount of funding it provides to its many programs and now contributes over $3 million a year. The amount requested on various health related programmes and projects during year 1996-97 is given in tables 1 & 2 on page 15 and 16. This is the budget for health facilities only. For other departments of CTA the enormous expenditure can be imagined. It is alleged that the Dalai Lama and his CTA is funded by secret services of imperialist and capitalist countries such as CIA of America, MOSSAD of Israel and RAW of Indian government. With all these help illiterate and alien Tibetan refugees of 1959 have emerged as one of the most successful refugee communities of the world. Today, streams of Tibetan refugees from all over the world flock to McLeod Gunj.
The CTA run following mass organizations :-
The Tibetan Youth Congress (TYC) :- It is the largest, and one of the most politically active Tibetan organizations in exile expanded worldwide.
The Tibetan Women's Association (TWA) :- It is an organization working for the political freedom and social upliftment of Tibetan women. They are involved with the rehabilitation and education of nuns escaping from Tibet. In the recent years, the association has undertaken a campaign to raise the political awareness of Tibetan women in order to encourage them to participate fully in the political process of the exile community.
From the expenditure shown in grant request for 1996-97 in following table one can imagine the immense income that Dalai Lama is receiving.
Table 1 : Grant Request For 1996-97 | Rupees |
TB Ward at Dickylling Settlement, Dehra Dun | 920000 |
TB Ward and Staff Quarters at Tsojhe Khangsar Hospital Bylakupe | 2392287 |
Health Education | 935000 |
Additional Water Supply, Ravangha, Sikkim | 57861 |
Tube Well for Old aged home, Herberpur | 309695 |
Toilet and Bathroom for Choukur Students' Hostel, Bylakupe | 102960 |
Latrine and Bathroom at the Tibetan Nehru Memorial Foundation School, Clement Town | 105984 |
Public Latrine and Septic Tank,Mcleod Ganj, Dharamshala | 278204 |
Repairing the Building of Dhondeling Van Thial Hospital, Kollegal | 505000 |
Rehabilitation and Treatment Centre for Tortured Victims, Dharamshala | 3471000 |
Multiple Handicap Rehabilitation Centre, Doon Valley | 5849400 |
Drug Supply Sundernagar Primary health centre | 100000 |
Medical Treatment of Tortured Victims | 435000 |
Drug Supply Rewalsar Primary Health Centre | 100000 |
The Epidemiology Data Analysis and Training Unit, Dharamshala | 755000 |
Health Training Centre, Dharamshala Guest House as income generating Project, New Delhi Purchase of 486 Computers for Health Data Section | 4844500 |
Health Training Centre, Dharamshala Guest House as income generating Project, New Delhi | 7491319 |
Purchase of 486 Computer for Health Data Section | 188968 |
Medical Staff Training | |
Doctors Kollegal Settlement Mundgod Settlement Doon Valley Settlement | 290000 |
Nurses : Miao Settlement Bhandhara Settlement Lunsur Settlement Kollegal Settlement Orrisa Settlement | 295000 |
Pharmacist Doon Valley | 96000 |
Laboratory Technitian Doon Valley Kollegal | 90000 |
CHWs Training (10) | 93800 |
Refresher Course for CHWs (20) | 99500 |
Medical Equipment : 10 Microscopes 4 X-ray Plants 5 Refrigerators 10 Autoclaves , Other general equipments. | 1450000 |
Ambulance for Tenzingang Settlement Bomdila | 520000 |
From following extracts from newspapers it become obvious that Tibetan Refugees are given exceptionally favorable treatment by Arya-Brahminists riding government of India.
1) The traditional Tibetan wine, Chhang, the source of livelihood for Tibetan refugees for the past 45 years, will not be sold in the Capital from today. The drink, made by fermenting barley or rice, is not a certified liquor and has been found to have ill-effects on health. "Apart from the health aspect, there have also been law-and-order problems due to consumption of this intoxicating drink," said DCP North District Rajesh Khurana. The announcement to this effect was made here jointly by the Delhi Police and Tibetan Welfare office. Describing the ban as voluntary and not an enforced one, Welfare Officer Sonam Tsering said, "When Tibetan refugees came to India in 1964, they had no other means to earn a livelihood. So, brewing of Chhang was started on a commercial scale, but today with improvement in sources of income the vendors themselves want to give up this profession." Tibetan spiritual leader Dalai Lama has lauded the effort and sanctioned Rs 17,25,000 for the rehabilitation of Chhang vendors, which was distributed today. Speaking at the function, local MLA P S Sawhney said Delhi Government would consider granting some valid Tehbazaris to these people so they could start another business and not resort to the Chhang business again. (From Tribune and other news papers).
Would Arya-Brahminists riding government of India allow any indigenous community to sell liquor even for a day ?
2) Tribune News Service DHARAMSALA, Jan. 3 — The pressure is being mounted on the state government to renew 20 year lease for renewal of five kanals of prime land in McLeodganj market at the old rate of Rs 1,700 per annum to the Tibetan Government-in-Exile. The local municipal committee wanted that the lease amount should be increased as several Tibetan refugees who had set up restaurants, shops and residences on this land were now fairly well off. The municipal council, at one of its meeting, passed a resolution that if the land was to be leased again then the agreement should be with Tibetans and not with their government. "When the Tibetan government is itself charging rent from its people who have set up shops and restaurants on this land, then why should the municipal council not get the amount directly", said one of the officials.
The locals in McLeodganj and Dharamsala have always resented the special treatment meted out to the Tibetans. "Most of the Tibetans here are better off than us and despite this we are the ones who face the brunt of the government rules and regulations," A majority of the locals say that "The authorities did not hesitate to demolish the illegal shops constructed by Indians. However, the Tibetans continue to encroach upon forest land". Although eviction orders were passed on forest encroachments by the Tibetans in McLeodganj in 1992, they still had not been executed. (From Tribune)
It has also been alleged that Tibetans were buying up large tracts of land through Benami? transactions. (According to the Himachal Pradesh Tenancy Act only Himachalis can buy land in the state) There were incidents of violence also against the refugees in 1994, when a local youth was killed by a Tibetan youth. The relative prosperity of the Tibetans is also a cause of strain between the two communities.
Terrorist and Fascist organizations of Tri-Iblis
It was the SS ( an elite military unit of the Nazi party ) who explored Tibet and it was a former SS trooper Heinrich Harrer who schooled the Dalai Lama. Harrer had become young Dalai Lama's personal tutor until the early 50s, and teaching him about all the "wonders" of western civilization and introducing him to the English language as well. (http://www.gnosticliberationfront.com/index.htm The Shadow of the Dalai Lama – Part II – 11. The Shambhala Myth and the west © Victor & Victoria Trimondi)
In April 1999, along with Margaret Thatcher, Pope John Paul II, and the first George Bush, the Dalai Lama called upon the British government to release Augusto Pinochet, the former fascist dictator of Chile and a longtime CIA client who had been apprehended while visiting England. The Dalai Lama urged that Pinochet not be forced to go to Spain where he was wanted to stand trial for crimes against humanity. (http://www.michaelparenti.org/ Friendly Feudalism: The Tibet Myth by Michael Parenti).
In addition to his links to Nazism, the Dalai Lama is also known to have enjoyed close connections with the notorious Japanese Aum Doomsday Cult. The illegal cult is well-known to all for the deadly subway poisoning it plotted in Tokyo in 1995. The gas poisoning killed 12 people and injured more than 5,000. On February 27, 2004, a Tokyo court sentenced Shoko Asahara, founder of the Aum Doomsday Cult, to death on charges of 13 crimes and the Japanese highest court turned down his appeal and upheld the original ruling in September 2006.
As peace-loving people across the world heaped their anger and criticisms on the Asahara-led Aum Doomsday Cult, the Dalai Lama, however, argued in an interview with Kyodo News Agency that the illegal group aimed at spreading Buddhist tenets and claimed Asahara was still his bosom friend. His remarks astounded the whole world at that time. The Dalai Lama's unlimited support to the Aum Doomsday cult was attributed to his close relations with its head. On his trip to Japan in 1984, the Dalai Lama met with 29-year-old Asahara and they met once again in India in 1986. Asahara established the Aum Doomsday Cult after he came back from this trip. A year later, Asahara went to the South Asian nation and met with the Dalai Lama again. Dalai Lama told Asahara during their meeting "Buddhism is decadent in Japan and you are the most suitable person to plant real Buddhism in your country because you know best the Buddha's innermost ideas,". It was after this meeting that the two built a tutor-student relationship.
Dalai Lama even wrote in 1989 a letter to the Tokyo authorities recommending Asahara's Aum Doomsday Cult be recognized as a formal religious group in Japan. His attempt was later realized. In a letter of thanks to the Dalai Lama after the Aum Doomsday Cult acquired legal status in Japan, Asahara vowed to his tutor Dalai Lama, "I will try my best to help Tibet be returned to the hands of Tibetans." Under the instructions of the Dalai Lama, Asahara later sneaked into China's Tibet twice to preach "Tibet independence." In collusion with Asahara, the Dalai Lama attempted to set up a pro-"Tibet independence" team in Japan. (http://www.bjreview.com.cn/index.htm Dalai Lama's Nexus With Extremists ; This is an excerpt from an article recently published in the Phoenix Weekly. The English version is reprinted from the December 26, 2008 edition of China Daily)
In addition to Nazis, Dalai Lama also maintained his close ties with Arya-Brahmin fascist organizations and opposed religious conversions.
"Whether Hindu or Muslim or Christian, whoever tries to convert, it's wrong, not good," "I always believe it's safer and better and reasonable to keep one's own tradition or belief," Dalai Lama said after a meeting with leaders of the World Hindu Council. He barefoot and giggling sprinkled himself water from the Ganges at the Kumbh Mela festival. "I'm very happy to be here," the Dalai Lama told journalists. He spoke after the Hindu Council's general secretary, Ashok Singhal, had said, "Buddhism, Hinduism and other non-aggressive religions have to unite to douse Islam … an aggressive religion." The Dalai Lama and others signed a statement saying: "We oppose conversions by any religious tradition using various methods of enticement." (http://archives.cnn.com/ Dalai Lama condemns Christian, Muslim practice of seeking converts January 26, 2001)
According to Dalit Voice, Dalai Lama is not ready to support the Buddhist claim for the 1500 year old Mahabodhi temple at Bodh Gaya which is still under the control of Bahmins who were responsible for destroying Buddhism in India about 3000 years ago ? Dalai Lama has not only refused to support the Buddhists' rightful demand but actually he is supporting the Brahminical terrorist parties who are the enemies of Buddhists. That is why the Ambedkarite Buddhists in India hate Dalai Lama who once seriously offended the followers of Dr. B. R. Ambedkar by saying in Bangalore that "Dr. Ambedkar's Buddhism is no Buddhism". Dalai Lama is an American agent and hence enemy of India. (Dalit Voice, 16-31 December 2006)
The neo-Buddhist monks distributed a pamphlet in Hindi, Bharat ki bhoomi par gair desh ki sarkar (An alien government on the Indian soil) questioning the logic of the Dalai Lama running a government-in-exile in India. (http://www.friends-of-tibet.org.nz/index.html The Phantoms of Chittagong)
A supporter of Dalai Lama writes that a section of neo-Buddhist monks claiming to be the followers of the great B.R.Ambedkar and Buddhism organized under the banner of Bodh Gaya Mahabodhi Vihar All India Action Committee was seen trying real hard to plant all the right conditions and atmosphere for the disruption of the Kalachakra Puja. Printed materials denouncing and accusing the Dalai Lama and the Tibetan Government in Exile (TGIE). They questioned the existence of His Holiness and the TGIE on Indian soil and termed the activities of His Holiness as a 'CIA sponsored show'. They demand to expel the Dalai Lama and the Karmapa from India. (Dharma versus Politics By Tsering Tsomo, Phayul Reporter Saturday, January 18, 2003) Buddhist monks have raised objections to the proposal to honor Tibetan leader Dalai Lama with the Bharat Ratna, the highest civilian honor in India. (http://www.bodhgayanews.net/index.html Indian monks oppose Bharat Ratna to Dalai Lama)
Shamsul Islam reminds of an incident in 1992 when a street theater group tried to meet Dalai Lama in Kanpur to protest against his participation in the RSS and its fronts programs which were being organized prior to the demolition of the Babri mosque. It was November 9, 1992, a day after Dalai Lama inaugurated the ABVP conference in Kanpur and within a month Babri mosque was demolished. Members of the Delhi-based street theatre group which happened to be performing in the city against communal mobilization was bashed up in the presence of Dalai Lama himself for daring to protest against Dalai Lama's participation in the RSS build-up. "Amidst thunderous applause, the president of the ABVP, Raj Kumar Bhatia had informed the distinguished visitor (Dalai Lama) about the commitments of ABVP, viz., reconstruction of the temple at Ramjanmabhoomi and that ABVP activists' participation in the December 6 Karseva in large numbers." Thus nothing was hidden from Dalai Lama. It was in his presence that the RSS chalked out its December 6 carnage program. Isn't it true that Dalai Lama had blessed this program by inaugurating the conference ? This conference of the ABVP held in Kanpur, close to Ayodhya, was not a routine conference of the student wing of the RSS but highly significant for making final preparations for the demolition of the Babri mosque. It is alleged that it was here that a model of the mosque was constructed to acclimatize the cadres with the task of demolishing the Babri mosque on 6 December. (http://www.milligazette.com/ Open letter to HH Dalai Lama – Shamsul Islam)
Dalai Lama's Special frontier force helped Arya-Brahminists in their black-operations.
Mostly Khampas, were recruited at Chakrat, Dehradun, UP. the unit was named the Special Frontier Force. Its forces were trained and commanded by the Indian Army and CIA. The SFF became known by the code name "Establishment 22″ because of its inspector general, who during World War II commanded the 22nd Mountain Regiment. It was used against East Pakistan with the consent of Dalai Lama in 1971. About one-third of its full strength was developed adjacent to the Chittagong Hill Tracts as Mukti Bahini. (http://www.chushigangdruk.org/index.html Establishment 22) Under the cover of the Mukti Bahini, Tibetans infiltrated East Pakistan a few weeks before the beginning of the war. They conducted raids to destroy bridges and communication lines deep inside Pakistan's eastern province. The operation was so secret that most generals of the Indian Army's Eastern Command in Calcutta did not know about the activities of 3,000 Tibetans Jawans commanded by a Tibetan Dapon (the equivalent of a brigadier of the Indian Army) who helped the Indian Army advance. From the day of its inception in November 1962, the Force had been placed under the Cabinet Secretary, which in fact meant the Indian prime minister. In 1971, the founder of the Research and Analysis Wing, R N Kao, by-passing the army, directly sent orders from Delhi to the Tibetan force. An Indian web site [Bharat Rakshak] provides more information on the SFF's achievements in Bangladesh :- 'With war right around the corner, the SFF was given several mission plans, including the destruction of the Kaptai Dam and other bridges. The Inspector General urged that the SFF be used to capture Chittagong, but this was found not favorable, since SFF members did not have artillery or airlift support to conduct a mission of that magnitude. After three weeks of border fighting, the SFF divided its six battalions into three columns and moved into East Pakistan on 03 December 1971.' By the time Pakistan surrendered, the SFF had lost 56 men — nearly 190 were wounded — but they blocked a potential escape route for East Pakistani forces into Burma. They also halted members of Pakistan's 97 Independent Brigade and 2 Commando Battalion in the Chittagong Hill Tracts. (http://www.friends-of-tibet.org.nz/index.html The Phantoms of Chittagong) The Indian government gave awards to 580 members of the force for their active involvement and bravery in the battles. (http://www.chushigangdruk.org/index.html Establishment 22)
It remains one of the most secret the participation of Tibetan commandos known as the 'Special Frontier Forces' in the military operations at the Golden Temple complex {of Amritsar, Punjab in which hundreds of Sikhs were butchered} in Operation Blue Star. After their outstanding participation in the liberation of Bangladesh, Indira Gandhi became enamored with the SFF. It was soon nicknamed as Indira Fauj. But their role and actions have continued to be shrouded in mystery. It is rumored that in 1977, an AN12 aircraft was on constant alert at a SFF paratrooper base with instructions to fly the prime minister to Mauritius if her life was threatened. Whether it is true or not, very few can say! By the early 1980s, the SFF's Special Group had become the primary counter-terrorist force in India. ([Reader-list] Tibetan faujis in Bluestar tenzin tsetan ttsetan at yahoo.com Sat Jun 26 06:51:06 CEST 2004) SFF also lost their lives on the Siachen Glacier and during the Kargil conflict in 1999. (http://www.friends-of-tibet.org.nz/index.html The Phantoms of Chittagong)
A 1999 story in the Washington Post notes that few Tibetans would welcome a return of the corrupt aristocratic clans that fled with Dalai Lama in 1959 and that comprise the bulk of his advisers. Many Tibetan farmers, for example, have no interest in surrendering the land they gained during China's land reform to the clans. Tibet's former slaves say they, too, don't want their former masters to return to power. "I've already lived that life once before," said Wangchuk, a 67- year-old former slave who was wearing his best clothes for his yearly pilgrimage to Shigatse, one of the holiest sites of Tibetan Buddhism. (http://www.michaelparenti.org/ Friendly Feudalism: The Tibet Myth by Michael Parenti).
Agents or supporters of capitalism in the garb of communists are termed as revisionists. Communist party had plenty of revisionists in China as well as in Tibet.
Storm of class struggle and revolutionary reforms in Tibet displeased some powerful revisionist forces inside the Chinese Communist Party itself. These forces were grouped around the party leader Liu Shao-chi, the top general Lin Piao, and Deng Xiaoping who rules China today. They had a completely different and quite capitalist view of what should be done with Tibet. Deng Xiaoping even suggested recruiting Tibet's upper strata lamas as Communist Party members. (http://kalovski.blog.com/763351/ May 23, 2006 The true face of the Dalai Lama) Revolutionary cadres had given them tit for tat reply during cultural revolution in China and Tibet.
In 1976 the Maoist revolutionaries were overthrown in China. Much to the delight of the U.S. government, a pro-capitalist government came to power, headed by Deng Xiaoping. This anti-Maoist coup had severe repercussions for the people in Tibet. (http://members.tripod.com/ The True Story of Maoist Revolution in Tibet by Mike Ely) When "the sky changed" in revolutionary China, the new revisionist rulers focused on consolidating their rule. They had two immediate needs in Tibet: First, to overthrow and break up the vast revolutionary forces. And second, to unleash all available counterrevolutionary forces under their leadership. the whole generation of young Tibetan revolutionaries, overwhelmingly from the poor classes, were driven from power. By 1979 a new party leadership was consolidated–including many revisionist figures who had been discredited during revolutionary periods. (http://kalovski.blog.com/763351/ May 23, 2006 The true face of the Dalai Lama)
On February 25, 1978 the Panchen Lama, one of old Tibet's greatest exploiters and a "reincarnated Buddha," was released from prison and given a prominent government post. Thirty-four prominent Tibetans from the CIA-backed 1959 revolt were released from prison. From 1977 on, U.S. officials started making regular trips to the region. The rehabilitation of new and old exploiters set the stage for a sweeping counterrevolution in all aspects of Tibetan life. The new revisionist rulers abolished socialist farming by stages. Wealthy pilgrims have returned to Lhasa, and starving beggars have reappeared too. Journalist Ludmilla Tüting reports seeing Tibetan peasants traveling to Lhasa to sell their children–something common under the old Lamaist rule. While the poor go hungry, 55,000 tons of yak meat are now being exported from Tibet to Hong Kong every year. In mid-1977 the revisionist party chairman Hua Guofeng called for a revival of feudal customs in Tibet. Feudal rituals were soon restored at Lhasa's main Lingkhor and Barkhor shrines. By the late '80s, the Chinese government said there were over 200 functioning monasteries–with perhaps as many 45,000 monks. At the end of the '80s, Li Peng (the butcher who ordered the Tiananmen Square massacre) was orchestrating the first officially sponsored "search for a reincarnated Buddha." In 1979 the revisionists announced Article 147 of their new legal system–making it a crime to challenge reactionary religious practices in Tibet. Almost all visitors to Tibet today report that the revisionist Han functionaries openly mock the masses of Tibetan people as "barbaric," "lazy" and "backward". (http://kalovski.blog.com/763351/ May 23, 2006 The true face of the Dalai Lama)
A delegation of RSS and other Arya-Brahminist fascists comprising Ram Madhav the spokesman of RSS, BJP vice president Bal Apte, Shivsena leader Suresh Prabhu, BJP MP Balvir Punj, and Arya-Brahminist media-man Chandan Mishra visited china recently. Communist party of China had invited delegation of Arya-Brahminist fascists considering that Arya-Brahminist industrialists are getting stronger and stronger in international arena and Chinese capitalists wanted to benefit from the collaboration with them. (Mahanayak, 13 January 2009)
Revisionists leaders of China have maintained relations with Arya-Brahminists From the very beginning. In 1966 when Sadhus of Sangh Parivar have demonstrated violently for ban on cow slaughter China had shocked every body by supporting this demonstration after which communal riots had broke out.
RAW-supported Tibetans in Nepal have held protests against China's rule over Tibet. In this regard, it is notable that on March 10, 2008, anti-government protests by Buddhist monks erupted in Tibet, flaring in nearby provinces. Dalai Lama, the spiritual leader of Tibet who has lived in exile in India along with his 120,000 followers has been tacitly encouraged by RAW's invisible warriors ? enabling him to mobilize armed groups and international support to create instability in Tibetan regions of China. (http://www.kashmirwatch.com/index.php RAW's invisible warriors by Sajjad Shaukat)
Dalai Lama, before communist revolution had succeeded to the throne in 1940 after the approval of the then Chairman of China's national government. Tibet has never been an independent state and no government in the world has ever recognized it as such a state. The Tibetan people deserve the right to national self-determination. However, supporting their struggle should not mean that we uncritically support the self-proclaimed leadership of the Dalai Lama and his {CIA} compromised "government-in-exile".
Dalai Lama want to return to China with his CIA trained militants and spy-network trained and financed by CIA. But even the Tibetans in exile after they have experienced democracies now do not want to return to Tibet while the feudal oppressive Lamaism is being revived in Tibet.
Kim Lewis, who studied healing methods with a Buddhist monk in Berkeley, California, had occasion to talk at length with more than a dozen Tibetan women who lived in the monk's building. When she asked how they felt about returning to their homeland, the sentiment was unanimously negative. At first, Lewis thought their reluctance had to do with the Chinese occupation, but they quickly informed her otherwise. They said they were extremely grateful "not to have to marry 4 or 5 men, be pregnant almost all the time," or deal with sexually transmitted diseases contacted from a straying husband. The women interviewed by Lewis spoke bitterly about the monastery's confiscation of their young boys in Tibet. When a boy cried for his mother, he would be told "Why do you cry for her, she gave you up – she's just a woman." Among the other issues was "the rampant homosexuality in the Gelugpa sect. (http://www.michaelparenti.org/ Friendly Feudalism: The Tibet Myth by Michael Parenti).
Dharmashala the Mossad-CIA Den in Himachal Pradesh ?
Dalit Voice has published a news titled " Jewish Den in Himachal ? " According to the news Dharmashala in Himachal Pradesh is proving to be a thorn in the neck of India with its Tibetan government in exile established by Dalai Lama, yet another dangerous species (Jews) are swarming into the Himalayan state. According to an article by Asit Jolly in the Asian age 19 November 2006, A thriving Jewish quarter has emerged in the adjoining Kulu and Manali valleys in the Himalayas, known as much for their salubrious climate and snow-capped peaks as for the quality of hashish available there. Over the past 15 years, these overcrowded but still picturesque resorts on the Beas river have emerged as the new "promised land" to which thousands of Jews annually migrate for extended periods for an uninterrupted fest of drugs, rock n roll and karmic cleansing. According to Himachal state officials, nearly two third of estimated 90,000 foreign tourists that visit old Manali, Vashishth, Kasol and Naggar each year are young Israeli backpackers. A tiny Zionist state is in the making but the Brahminical rulers have simply ignored….. (Dalit Voice, 16-31 December 2006)
--Palash Biswas
Pl Read:
http://nandigramunited-banga.blogspot.com/
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